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Analysis of hub genes, pathways and immune checkpoints of CD8+ T cells in metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in C3H/He mice ZHOU Di, HAN Nan-nan, LI Hua-sheng, YAN Ming, RUAN Min Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (6): 586-593.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.06.004 Abstract （428）      PDF （2332KB）（1025）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the expression of hub genes, pathways and inhibitory immune checkpoints of CD8+ T cells in metastatic lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC) in C3H/He mice. METHODS: A popliteal lymph node metastasis model of immunocompetent C3H/He mice was constructed with SCC-7 cell line of HNSCC, and the lymph node metastasis status was determined by immunofluorescence. CD8+ T cells in normal and metastatic lymph nodes were sorted by flow cytometry, and transcriptome sequencing analysis was performed to screen out differentially expressed genes. GO functional enrichment analysis and KEGG pathway enrichment analysis were performed sequentially. Flow cytometry and multiplex immunohistochemical were used to detect the expression of four immune checkpoints of CD8+ T cells in metastatic lymph nodes of tumor-bearing mice. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After 4 weeks of foot pad injection of SCC-7 cells, C3H/He mice displayed obvious metastasis in popliteal drainage lymph node. A total of 912 differentially expressed genes were screened out by transcriptome sequencing analysis of CD8+ T cells in normal and metastatic lymph nodes, including three inhibitory immune checkpoint-related genes which were upregulated(Pdcd1, Lag3 and Tigit). Eight tumor-related signaling pathways were screened out by KEGG network analysis, including Toll-like receptor signaling pathway, NF Kappa-B signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, MAPK signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, PD-L1 and PD-1 immune checkpoint pathway in tumors and p53 signaling pathway. Flow cytometry showed high expression level of PD-1 and TIM-3 in CD8+ T cells in mouse metastatic lymph nodes. It was further confirmed by multiplex immunohistochemical that PD-1 was highly expressed in CD8+ T cells in metastatic lymph nodes of patients with HNSCC. CONCLUSIONS: Tumor-related signaling pathway of CD8+ T cells in mouse metastatic lymph nodes is significantly activated. The PD-1 expression level of CD8+ T in metastatic lymph nodes of mice and patients with HNSCC is markedly increased. Immunotherapy targeting CD8+ T cells may become a new strategy for the prevention and cure for lymph node metastasis of HNSCC. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Segmentation and validation of mandibular canal and its bifurcation on cone beam CT based on deep learning Ye Ye, Fang Shuobo, Lu Huitong, Liu Mingqian, Wu Xueying Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 119-125.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.002 Abstract （424）      PDF （1649KB）（779）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To train the U-net of convolutional neural network to establish a method for detecting and segmenting the mandibular canal and its bifurcation, and validate its accuracy based on the ground truth labeled by experts. METHODS: A total of 290 CBCT scans were collected from Shanghai Stomatological Hospital from Jan. 2022 to Dec. 2022, which were divided into training set of 200 scans and test set of 90 scans. Model training included two steps. In the first step, bilateral mandibular canals and its bifurcation of 50 CBCT scans were labeled in 3D Slicer image computing platform by investigators. Three dimensional U-net segmentation model were trained initially with data enhancement. A morphological post-processing method was applied to the predicted results. In the second step, pseudo label method was employed to help annotating the mandibular canal and corresponding bifurcations on remaining 150 CBCTs, which would be included in training set after revision. Three dimensional U-net model was trained based on these 200 data. During test phase, totally 90 scans were labeled by two doctors and U-net model respectively. Consistency check was conducted to evaluate the labels between two doctors. Dice similarity coefficient and Hausdorff distance were calculated to evaluate the labels between doctors and the model. The detection rate of bifurcation was calculated. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: In 90 CBCT test set, the Kappa value between two dentists' annotations was 0.667. The average Dice and Hausdorff distance between predictions and labels of doctors were (0.739±0.068) and (0.988±1.14) mm. In bifurcation detection, the detection rate was 91.30% on scans with clear bifurcations. CONCLSIONS: The dentification and segmentation U-net model of mandibular canal on dental CBCT can be reliable and practical for its high segmentation precision and predicting speed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of aesthetic effect between immediate and delayed implant restoration of single maxillary anterior tooth Liu Bingyao, Yu Yue, Wu Yingying, He Maodian, Zhang Fangqi Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 387-391.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.008 Abstract （176）      PDF （548KB）（772）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To compare the aesthetic effects of immediate implant restoration and delayed implant restoration of single maxillary anterior tooth. METHODS: A total of 163 patients who underwent single anterior tooth implantation in the maxilla at Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital from January 2020 to May 2023 were selected. They were divided into immediate implant restoration group(n=75) and delayed implant restoration group(n=88). In the immediate implant restoration group, a temporary implant was installed and implanted immediately after extraction, while in the delayed implant restoration group, the implant was implanted 3-6 months after extraction and repaired after the implant was stabilized. The outcomes, including implant success rate, soft tissue aesthetics, implant stability, aesthetic outcomes, periodontal health, pink esthetic score (PES), white esthetic score (WES), bone resorption after 12 months and subjective satisfaction were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: After exclusion, totally 62 patients in the immediate implant restoration group and 64 patients in the delayed implant restoration group were included in the analysis. Both groups had a 100% implant success rate with no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). The immediate implant restoration group was significantly better in terms of soft tissue aesthetics and implant stability compared to the delayed implant restoration group(P<0.05). Aesthetic effect scores for the immediate implant restoration group were significantly higher than those of the delayed group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively(P<0.05). The periodontal tissue health of the immediate implant restoration group was significantly better than that of the delayed group at various time points(P<0.05). PES and WES scores of immediate implant restoration group were significantly better than those of the delayed group(P<0.05). At 12 months after surgery, bone resorption in the immediate implant restoration group was significantly lower than that in the delayed group, subjective satisfaction score was significantly higher than that in the delayed group(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in color satisfaction between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Immediate implant restoration of maxillary single anterior teeth is superior to delayed implant restoration in soft tissue aesthetic effect, implant stability and patient satisfaction, which is suitable for patients with high aesthetic requirements. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of oral occlusal exercises on occlusal performance of oral cancer patients following segmental mandibulectomy without simultaneous reconstruction Yang Ling, Zhou Tian, Zhao Ning, Qu Xingzhou, Chen Weihong, Zhao Yan, Hou Lili Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 184-190.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.013 Abstract （255）      PDF （1111KB）（716）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of oral occlusion exercises on occlusal performance of oral cancer patients who underwent segmental mandibular resection without simultaneous reconstruction. METHODS: From October 2022 to May 2023, a total of 63 oral cancer patients who underwent segmental mandibular resection without reconstruction at the Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected. They were randomly divided into control group (30 patients) and experimental group (33 patients). The control group received conventional care, while the experimental group underwent oral occlusion exercises except conventional care. After three months, the maximum total occlusal force(TOF), asymmetry index of occlusal force(AOF), center of occlusal force(COF), and mastication efficiency of both groups were compared. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, TOF in the experimental group was increased, AOF and COF were decreased, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01). The masticatory efficiency of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Oral occlusal exercises can improve occlusal performance in patients with mandibular resection without reconstruction, but larger sample size and rigorous design are needed to further verify its clinical effect and mechanism. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of mind mapping-assisted flipped classroom in clinical endodontics teaching SUN Rui-nan, LI Xu-yan, FU Yu-jie, JIANG Zi-han, ZHANG Xue-han, ZHANG Qi Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (5): 548-554.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.05.019 Abstract （304）      PDF （1322KB）（705）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the application effect of mind mapping-assisted flipped classroom in clinical endodontics teaching. METHODS: A total of 41 fifth-year undergraduates majoring in stomatology from School of Stomatology, Tongji University, finishing their clinical internship at Departments of Endodontics from October 2023 to March 2024, were randomly divided into control group (traditional teaching group, n=21) and experimental group (flipped classroom teaching group, n=20). Theoretical assessments were conducted on the day of entering the department and at the end of eight weeks in the department. Mini-CEX assessments were conducted in the third week and at the end of the eighth week (including indicators such as medical interviews, clinical examinations, humanistic care, clinical judgment, health education, clinical operations, and overall clinical capabilities). The scores of these two assessment indicators were used to evaluate the mastery extent of basic knowledge and clinical abilities of the two groups of students, and teaching satisfaction questionnaire survey was conducted. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: In terms of theoretical assessment results, there was no significant difference between the two groups in the average scores of the first assessment. The average scores of both groups were better than those of the first assessment, and the average scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group. In terms of mini-CEX assessment results, at the first assessment, the experimental group was better than the control group in two dimensions of clinical examination and clinical judgment, but there was no significant difference between the two groups in the other five dimensions. In the second assessment, the results of the two groups in 7 dimensions were higher than those of the first assessment, and the scores of the experimental group in 5 dimensions of medical interview, clinical examination, clinical judgment, clinical operation and overall clinical ability were significantly higher than those of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: Mind mapping-assisted flipped classroom teaching can significantly improve the subjective initiative of undergraduate students during clinical internships, enhancing their mastery extent of theoretical knowledge and overall clinical capabilities, and significantly improve the teaching effect. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A retrospective study on clinical outcomes of implant-supported rehabilitations in patients with alveolar cleft Lan Rong, Wu Yiqun, Huang Wei, Chen Zhenqi, Pan Xiaogang, Wang Feng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (3): 326-331.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.03.018 Abstract （227）      PDF （921KB）（693）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of implant-supported prosthesis in alveolar cleft patients. METHODS: A total of 14 patients with alveolar cleft underwent implant restoration in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2015 to January 2023 were collected. Among them, 9 were male and 5 were female. The age ranged from 18 to 52 years, with a mean of (26.1±10.6) years. The sequence treatment history of patients with cleft lip and palate and the effect of implant repair were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Bone grafting in the fissured area failed repeatedly in 1 patient and no implant was implanted. A total of 21 implants were implanted in the remaining 13 patients with alveolar cleft, all of which achieved good osseointegration. In 10 cases, one implant was implanted in each fissure area for single crown or single end bridge repair. In 3 cases, 11 implants were implanted in the non-fissure area for fixed bridge repair. Seven patients with single implant were followed up for 6 to 96 months, with an average of (39.4±29.2) months. During their visits, patients underwent various examinations, including pink aesthetic score (PES) averaging 10.16±0.98, white aesthetic score(WES) averaging 8.50±1.23, and probing depth(PD) with a mean of (2.68±0.61) mm. Additionally, gingival index(GI) was recorded with a mean of 1.33±1.10, and marginal bone loss(MBL) was measured with a mean of (0.17±0.35) mm. The width of the mid-labial keratinized mucosa was observed to be (5.14±2.10) mm. CONCLUSIONS: Implant-supported prosthesis in the alveolar cleft area after well-established multidisciplinary sequential treatments have predictable middle-term success rate, satisfactory aesthetic outcomes and stable peri-implant soft and hard tissue conditions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of sliding vermilion flap in angulus oris defect after buccal mucosa cancer ablation Wu Kun, Wu Hanjiang Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 157-161.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.008 Abstract （195）      PDF （1469KB）（645）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of sliding vermilion flap in angulus oris defect after buccal mucosal cancer ablation. METHODS: A total of 33 patients with buccal mucosal cancer who underwent buccal mucosal cancer radical surgery and resection of angulus oris, and reconstructed with free anterolateral thigh flap transfer and sliding vermilion flap were collected from January 2015 to April 2021 in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Second Xiangya Hospital. Thirty-three patients with buccal mucosal cancer admitted to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2015 to April 2021 were selected. All patients underwent combined buccal-mandibulectomy and neck radical operation and resection of oral angle, and underwent anterolateral femoral free flap and lip red elastic flap reconstruction. The angulus oris outcome, aesthetics outcome, masticatory efficacy, swallowing and speech function were assessed by FACT-HN (The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck). The mouth opening was measured and recorded. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: The success rate of free flap transplantation was 100% in 33 patients. Although the aesthetics outcome was decreased at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration (P<0.001), there was no significant difference of angulus oris outcome at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration (P>0.05). Moreover, the masticatory function was significantly improved at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration(P=0.004). However, there was no significant difference of speech and swallowing function at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration (P>0.05). The mouth opening was significantly improved at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration(P<0.05), and the satisfaction of mouth opening in these patients was 75.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of sliding vermilion flap can ideally repair the angulus oris, and offer a novel method to reconstruct defect of angulus oris. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the effect of cruciform tooth division and T-type crown amputation in extraction of mandibular middle and low impacted teeth Liu Jie, Wang Ying, Liu Zhenfei Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (3): 271-275.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.03.009 Abstract （255）      PDF （592KB）（642）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluation the effect of cruciform tooth division and T-type crown amputation in extraction of mandibular middle and low impacted teeth. METHODS: A total of 81 patients with mandibular middle and low impacted teeth treated in Bozhou People's Hospital from September to November 2024 were selected. According to the different extraction methods,they were divided into the control group(n=40, T-type crown amputation) and experimental group(n=41, cross tooth extraction). The operative time, intraoperative complications(anxiety, broken root), postoperative complications (pain, swelling and restricted mouth opening), healing of tooth extraction socket 1 week after surgery, and quality of life before and 1 week after surgery[oral health impact scale 14(OHIP-14)] were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The operative time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group, the total incidence of intraoperative complications(4.88%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (20.00%), the score of postoperative pain and mouth opening restriction was significantly lower than that of the control group, the degree of postoperative swelling was significantly less than that of the control group, and the total incidence of postoperative complications(4.88%) was significantly lower than that of the control group(32.43%). The healing score of tooth socket 1 week after operation was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). One week after surgery,the OHIP-14 score of both groups was decreased,and the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with T-type crown amputation, cruciform tooth division can shorten the operation time of mandibular middle and low impacted tooth extraction, reduce the occurrence of intraoperative anxiety, broken root, postoperative pain, swelling and restricted mouth opening, and is conducive to the healing of tooth extraction wound. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of aesthetic perception changes in female patients after extraction orthodontic treatment by non-orthodontic professionals with higher education in Shanghai Chan Iantong, Mao Yanmin, Lu Yun, Lyu Jinzhao, Li Qiang Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 369-374.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.005 Abstract （166）      PDF （1059KB）（543）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the factors influencing aesthetic perception changes among non-orthodontic professionals with higher education in Shanghai regarding the maxillofacial appearance of women before and after orthodontic treatment with extractions. METHODS: A total of 18 non-orthodontic professionals (9 men and 9 women) who had received or were receiving higher education in Shanghai were recruited. Using Q-sort technique, the study compared pre- and post-treatment facial soft tissue changes in 48 adult females who underwent orthodontic treatment with extractions. RESULTS: Non-orthodontic professionals with higher education in Shanghai showed significant sensitivity to changes in the lower third of the face, overall facial contour, mouth corners, and chin of women before and after orthodontic treatment (P<0.05). However, changes in the nasolabial fold and upper and lower lips, which were often the focus of orthodontic professionals,didn't show significant differences in aesthetic perception. Female reviewers were more sensitive than male reviewers to aesthetic changes in the chin and lower third of the face, but there was no significant difference in overall facial evaluation. Reviewers born in the 2000s and 1990s demonstrated higher aesthetic sensitivity, while those born in the 1970s and 1980s showed more stable aesthetic evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Non-orthodontic professionals with higher education experience in Shanghai are more sensitive to the aesthetic changes in the lower 1/3 of the face, chin and other areas after orthodontic treatment with tooth extraction, and the perceived differences are affected by gender and age, which can provide a reference for the design of endpoint goal schemes in clinical orthodontic treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of laser combined with periodontal basic treatment on periodontal indices, subgingival microflora, adiponectin, MMP-13 and IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid in patients with periodontitis ZHANG Zhong-yue, CHEN Li, YAN Na, ZHANG Shu-hua Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (3): 295-300.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.03.015 Abstract （353）      PDF （785KB）（541）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of laser combined with periodontal basic treatment on periodontal indices, subgingival flora, adiponectin, matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) in patients with periodontitis. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on 100 patients with periodontitis diagnosed and treated in Hengshui People's Hospital from December 2022 to July 2023. According to treatment methods, the patients were divided into control group (n=51) and experimental group (n=49). The control group received periodontal basic treatment, and the experimental group received laser treatment on the basis of the control group. The periodontal indexes, subgingival microflora, adiponectin, MMP-13, IL-1β and bone metabolic factors of gingival crevicular fluid before and after treatment were compared between the two groups, as well as the clinical therapeutic effect. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 22.0 software package. RESULTS: After treatment, probing depth(PD), bleeding on probing(BOP), gingival index(GI) and plaque index (PLI) in the experimental group were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), PD, BOP and PLI in the control group were lower than before treatment (P<0.05), and PD, BOP, GI and PLI in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). After treatment, Lactobacillus, Clostridium and Bacteroides in both groups were significantly lower than before treatment (P<0.05), and the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05). After treatment, adiponectin in gingival crevicular fluid increased in both groups compared with before treatment(P<0.05), and MMP-13 and IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid decreased in both groups compared with before treatment (P<0.05), and adiponectin in gingival crevicular fluid in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05), MMP-13 and IL-1β in the experimental group were significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, procollagenⅠtype N-terminal peptide (PINP), cross linked C-telopeptide of type Ⅰ collagen(CXT) and bone glaprotein (BGP) were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.05), and the experimental group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.05). The total effective rate of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Laser combined with periodontal basic treatment can effectively improve periodontal indexes, reduce subgingival flora, increase the levels of adiponectin and bone metabolic factor in gingival crevicular fluid, reduce the levels of MMP-13 and IL-1β in gingival crevicular fluid, and improve the clinical therapeutic effect in patients with periodontitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Proteomic analysis of dental pulp serum in pulpitis at different stages Sui Xin, Xu Huaxing, Li Jiayang, Qin Zhiming, Ma Zhifei, Zhou Rongrui, Zhou Qiangqiang, Wei Xiaoling Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 346-353.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.002 Abstract （226）      PDF （1732KB）（536）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the differentially expressed proteins in dental pulp serum of pulpitis at different stages. METHODS: Dental pulp serum was collected from 9 pulpitis patients and categorized into three groups: initial pulpitis (IP), mild to moderate pulpitis (MP) and severe pulpitis (SP). Proteomics technology was utilized to screen for differentially expressed proteins. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis were then conducted using the Metascape database, while protein-protein interaction analysis was performed with the STRING database. RESULTS: Compared with the IP group, the MP group had 20 upregulated proteins and 23 downregulated proteins, while the SP group had one upregulated protein and 44 downregulated proteins. Compared to the MP group, the SP group had 9 upregulated proteins and 15 downregulated proteins. The differential proteins were mainly involved in key biological processes such as cellular response to stress, adaptive immune response, and the Parkin-ubiquitin proteasomal system. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified several key functional nodes, including CCT6A. CONCLUSIONS: This study analyzed the differential expression of proteins in dental pulp serum between early, mild to moderate, and severe pulpitis, providing a theoretical basis for accurate diagnosis and clinical decision-making of pulpitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the correlation between the expression of Porphyromonas gingivalis, tumor-associated macrophages and the clinical prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma Li Muqiu, Li Chenxi, Wei Wei, Chen Cheng, Wang Bing, Gong Zhongcheng, Guo Wei, Ren Guoxin Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 132-138.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.004 Abstract （282）      PDF （2689KB）（529）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the immunoexpression and clinical significance regarding Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) in the tumor microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS: A total of 200 OSCC patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between June 2008 and June 2020 were divided into P.gingivalis-strong-expression group(n=139) and P. gingivalis-weak-expression group (n=61), based on the immunohistochemical(IHC) staining. The detection of DOK3 and TAM was performed to quantify their expression level in two groups, respectively. The associations between the three mentioned biomarkers and clinicopathologic indicators were compared between the two groups, and the impact on patients' prognosis was also analyzed. R 4.2.2 software was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Death, late-stage cancer, T3-T4 and N(+) stage, large size (≥3 cm), moderate and poor differentiation, and recurrence exhibited significant associations with strong immunoexpression of P. gingivalis(P<0.05). Several variables of OSCC patients with strong immunoexpression of P. gingivalis including age, survival status, T and N stage, recurrence exhibited significant associations with strong immunoexpression of DOK3 (P<0.05); whereas T stage, clinical stage and tumor differentiation exhibited significant associations with strong immunoexpression of TAM (P<0.05). Additionally, the immunoexpression of P. gingivalis was positively associated with the immunoexpression of DOK3 and TAM(P<0.01). The prognosis of OSCC patients with strong positive expression of P. gingivalis, DOK3 and TAM was worse than that of patients with weak immunoexpression, respectively(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: P. gingivalis is positively correlated with DOK3 and TAM. In addition, the strong immunoexpression levels of P. gingivalis, DOK3 and tumor-associated macrophage are associated with poor prognosis in patients with OSCC. Collectively, the mentioned three biomarkers can be considered as important indicators for evaluating clinical prognosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A correlation study between the occlusal cant and temporomandibular joint space in patients with mandibular lateral deviation LI Shuang, XIAO Rong-rong, WANG Ming-feng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (3): 318-323.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.03.019 Abstract （427）      PDF （1159KB）（496）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the correlation between the occlusal canting and the bilateral temporomandibular joint (TMJ) space in adult and juvenile mandibular deviation patients and study the mutual influence between the occlusal canting and mandibular position, in order to provide references for clinical treatment. METHODS: CBCT data of mandibular deviation patients（20 adults,20 juveniles）were selected. Inivo5 Dental Anatomage software was used to reconstruct the structures. The occlusal cant and vertical height of the bilateral maxillary from canines to first molars were measured, and the vertical heights difference between the same teeth on both sides was calculated. The anterior, superior and posterior space of temporomandibular joint were measured respectively in both groups. Pearson correlation analysis between the occlusal canting and bilateral condylar space was carried out by using SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: In the juvenile group, negative correlations were found between the occlusal cant and the superior TMJ space on the deviated side (P<0.05). Negative correlation was found between the vertical height difference of bilateral canines and the anterior TMJ space on the deviated side in the juvenile group(P<0.05). In the adult group, no significant correlation was observed among those correlated examination (P>0.05). CONCLUSONS: The occlusal canting is moderately correlated with mandibular position in the early stage of mandibular deviation patients. Early treatment of mandibular deviation is of great importance in preventing its progression into severe skeletal malocclusion, and more attention should be paid on the correction of the canted frontal occlusion plane. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study of cervical lymph node metastasis in oral tongue squamous carcinoma by a machine learning model based on contrast-enhanced CT radiomics SUN Heng-xiang, ZHU Qing-hai, LI Huai-qi, WANG Chen-xing, YE Jin-hai Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (6): 608-616.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.06.007 Abstract （438）      PDF （1996KB）（489）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the value of machine learning model based on enhanced CT imaging features and clinical parameters in predicting cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with tongue squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC). METHODS: A total of 75 patients with TSCC who were treated in the Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Nanjing Medical University from January 2015 to July 2022 were collected. All patients had complete clinical data, enhanced CT image data and postoperative cervical lymph node pathological examination results. All cases were randomly assigned to the training group (n=60) and the validation group (n=15) in a ratio of 8∶2. A total of 1 833 radiomics features were extracted from the venous phase image data of enhanced CT. Correlation coefficient selection and LASSO method were used for feature selection and dimensionality reduction to select the optimal combination of radiomics features. Multiple machine learning algorithm models(LR, KNN, Random Forest, Extra Trees, XGBoost and LightGBM) were used to predict cervical lymph node metastasis on the selected radiomics and clinical features. The performance of the model was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic(ROC) curve and decision curve analysis(DCA). SPSS 21.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: After screening and dimensionality reduction, totally 14 optimal feature combinations were obtained, and a variety of prediction models were established based on them. Among them, the KNN model showed a more balanced fitting effect in the training group and the test group, with AUC values of 0.869 and 0.861, respectively. To further improve the efficiency of the model, we integrated imaging features with patient clinical features, and the AUC value of this comprehensive model was increased to 0.893 and 0.880 in the training group and the test group, respectively. The DCA decision curve showed that compared with the simple radiomic model, the image-clinical model with the integration of clinical features showed a higher predictive effect and clinical application value. CONCLUSIONS: The prediction model based on enhanced CT image omics features combined with clinical parameters can effectively estimate cervical lymph node metastasis in patients with TSCC. This approach facilitates risk stratification of patients with TSCC and optimizes clinical decisions to improve treatment strategies and patient outcomes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of root development of maxillary inverted impacted central incisor before and after orthodontic traction by CBCT YAN Chuan-jie, ZHANG Wei, CHEN Zhi-fang, WU Jian-hua Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (5): 529-532.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.05.015 Abstract （285）      PDF （858KB）（487）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the changes of root development before and after orthodontic traction of maxillary inverted impacted central incisors using CBCT and Mimics software. METHODS: Ten patients, who had a maxillary inverted impacted central incisor, were treated using a modified movable retractor combined with surgical eruption. Cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT) was taken before and after treatment. Mimics 21.0 software was used to reconstruct the impacted central incisors (the impacted teeth group) and the contralateral namesake teeth (the contralateral group) before and after treatment, and the tooth volume and surface area were calculated by the software. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for paired t test, to evaluate the root development before and after treatment. RESULTS: All 10 patients were successfully treated,and the mean duration was (16.10±4.46) months. After treatment, the volume and surface area of teeth in the impacted teeth group were significantly increased compared with those before treatment(P<0.01). The volume and surface area of the teeth before and after traction were significantly lower than those of the contralateral group(P<0.01). However, during the treatment, there were no significant differences in the increase of tooth volume and surface area between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Modified movable retractor combined with surgical eruption can promote root development of maxillary inverted impacted tooth, which is a safe and reliable treatment method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the effects of improved shield technique in the aesthetic zone for single tooth implantation in the maxillary anterior region HU Zhong-yue, NIU Wei, CHEN Dai-yuan, ZOU Jin-yang, XIE Hui Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (6): 651-655.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.06.015 Abstract （319）      PDF （679KB）（456）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the effects of improved shield technique in the aesthetic zone for single tooth implantation in the maxillary anterior region. METHODS: Eighty-four patients(84 teeth) who underwent single tooth implantation in the maxillary anterior region from January 2020 to January 2023 were selected,randomly divided into the control group and experimental group using digital table method, each with 42 patients(42 teeth). The success rate of implant in 2 groups was recorded, and periodontal index, pink esthetic score (PES), bone absorption and implant stability quotient (ISQ) preoperatively and 6 months after surgery were compared. The incidence of adverse reactions (redness, bleeding, pain and site infection) was recorded. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: The success rate of implantation in both groups was 100%. Six postoperative pericrescent indexes of the experimental group were significantly lower than that of the control group, PES and ISQ scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the control group one year after surgery, bone absorption volume was significantly lower than that of the control group and the incidence of adverse reactions was significantly decreased(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The improved shield technique in the aesthetic zone can enhance the esthetic index and implant stability in the anterior region, and reduce bone resorption volume. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of efficacy of denture occlusal plate combined with comprehensive physical therapy for temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction LI Su-na, SONG Wen-shang, LIU Zi-lue, DU Yue-ru, CAI Shi-xin Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (3): 273-278.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.03.011 Abstract （425）      PDF （767KB）（453）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the efficacy of denture occlusal plate combined with comprehensive physical therapy for temporomandibular joint disc displacement without reduction(ADDwoR). METHODS: Sixty patients of ADDwoR and dentition defect or severely worn teeth who visited the Department of Orthodontics and Prosthodontics of Hengshui People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected and randomly divided into denture occlusal plate group (group A) and denture occlusal plate + comprehensive physical therapy group (group B) according to the treatment methods. Maximum mouth opening (MMO) and visual analog pain score(VAS) among all patients were recorded before treatment and every three weeks during three months of treatment. Cone-beam CT(CBCT) was taken before and 3 months after treatment. The changes in clinical efficacy indicators before and after treatment and CBCT data between the two groups were analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: The differences of VAS of group A and B were statistically significant from before treatment to three weeks after treatment(P<0.05), and group B decreases more. From 3 weeks after treatment, there was a significant difference of group B for MMO and VAS before treatment (P<0.05). From 9 weeks after treatment, there was a significant difference of group A for MMO before treatment (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference in MMO and VAS between group A and B(P>0.05). CBCT showed narrowed anterior joint space, widened posterior joint space, enlarged superior joint space, decreased horizontal angle of the condyle and increased slope of joint nodules (P<0.05). The difference between joint depth, anteroposterior diameter of the condyle, internal and external diameter was not significant (P>0.05). There was significant differences in anterior, superior, and posterior joint space, condylar level angle, and slope of joint nodules of group B compared with group A(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Denture occlusal plate can effectively improve symptoms of ADDwoR, and denture occlusal plate combined with comprehensive physical therapy can quickly improve mouth opening and reduce pain in the joint area. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the effect of Lava Ultimate veneer combined with cast porcelain inlays in the treatment of mild-moderate dentition wear in the elderly patients Zhou Jianying, Wang Jing, Pang Shuting, Zhang Yansheng, Ma Huajing, Feng Yanfen, Zhao Shijun, Hu Kunpeng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 208-212.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.017 Abstract （246）      PDF （619KB）（440）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the effect of Lava Ultimate veneer combined with cast porcelain inlays in the treatment of mild-moderate dentition wear in the elderly. METHODS: A total of 60 elderly patients with mild-moderate dentition wear due to physical factors who underwent treatment from July 2019 to July 2023 were selected and randomly divided into control group(n=30) and experimental group(n=30). The control group received traditional all-ceramic crown restoration treatment, while the experimental group received Lava Ultimate veneers for anterior teeth and porcelain inlays for posterior teeth. The chewing efficiency, prosthesis effectiveness, periodontal index [gingival index(GI), plaque index (PI)], clinical efficacy, aesthetic satisfaction and comfort were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: Before treatment, there was no significant difference in chewing efficiency and absorbance between the two groups(P>0.05). After treatment, masticatory efficiency and absorbance of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). One week and 6 months after treatment, there was no significant difference in prosthesis margin fit, wear degree, retention, gingival condition, color, shape, secondary caries, restoration fracture, GI and PI between the two groups(P>0.05). At 12 months after treatment,the prosthesis margin fit, retention, gingival condition, GI and PI of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group(P<0.05). The total effective rate, satisfaction and comfort of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: After treatment with Lava Ultimate veneers for anterior teeth and porcelain inlays for posterior teeth, the masticatory efficiency of the elderly patients with mild-moderate dentition wear is improved, and the prosthesis effect, periodontal index, satisfaction and comfort are significantly improved. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Differential miRNA profiling and target gene analysis of marrow mesenchymal stem cells in postmenopausal osteoporotic mouse mandibles YANG Shan-shan, ZHANG Wei, HU Xiao-hua, YANG Xiao-hong Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (6): 561-571.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.06.001 Abstract （765）      PDF （2245KB）（430）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the differential miRNA expression profiles and predicted target genes of mandibular bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MBMSCs) in a postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP) mouse model using bioinformatics methods, providing new targets for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of POP. METHODS: POP mouse model was established by performing ovariectomy surgery, and MBMSCs were obtained using whole bone marrow adherent culture method. Microarray sequencing was performed to detect the miRNA expression profile of MBMSCs. Subsequently, miRNA identification and prediction analysis were conducted, along with the prediction of target genes. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed on the predicted target genes. Key hub genes were identified using algorithms such as Degree, Betweenness, and Closeness. The data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism 8.0 and R language. RESULTS: A total of 84 differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained using a threshold of P<0.05, with 33 upregulated and 51 downregulated miRNAs. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the 84 differentially expressed miRNAs revealed their involvement in various biological processes and pathways. Among them, 130 target gene mRNAs were enriched in the "regulation of stem cell pluripotency" signaling pathway. PPI network analysis and hub gene selection were performed for the 130 predicted target gene mRNAs, resulting in the identification of 7 reliable hub genes: Ctnnβ1, Hras, Kras, Akt1, Mapk3, Smad3, and Smad2. Among these hub genes, Ctnnβ1, Akt1, Mapk3, Smad3, and Smad2 were found to be significantly associated with POP. CONCLUSIONS: The differentially expressed miRNAs identified in MBMSCs of POP mice may serve as potential biomarkers and play important roles in the pathogenesis of POP. This study provides new research direction and theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of POP. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Nanocatalytic treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma Cal 27 cells in vitro based on single-atom iron nanocatalysts XIE Yu-ting, XIONG Ping Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (2): 117-122.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.02.002 Abstract （408）      PDF （2256KB）（429）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To prepare single-atom iron nanocatalysts(SAF NCs) and explore its efficacy on oral squamous cell carcinoma Cal 27 cells in vitro, and provide a new strategy for the treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: SAF NCs were prepared with combination of isolation and pyrolysis, the microscopic characterization was observed by transmission electron microscopy, the morphology and chemical composition were analysed by X-ray diffractograms and elemental distribution energy spectroscopy. The catalytic properties were detected by TMB assay and electron spin resonance test, and finally the changes in the activity of Cal27 cells were observed by CCK-8, flow cytometry and confocal microscopy for in vitro treatment of oral squamous carcinoma, to investigate the therapeutic effect against Cal27 cells. Statistical analysis was performed with GraphPad Prism 9 software package. RESULTS: SAF NCs were successfully synthesized and characterized, which showed excellent catalytic properties at the solution level and good biocompatibility in in vitro cellular level. The viability of Cal27 cell was reduce to 32.08% after in vitro catalytic treatment under conditions mimicking the characteristics of the tumor microenvironment. CONCLUSIONS: Preliminary experiments demonstrated that SAF NCs with good biological properties could effectively inhibit the proliferation of Cal 27 cells in vitro, providing a new strategy for the treatment of oral squamous carcinoma. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics