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Segmentation and validation of mandibular canal and its bifurcation on cone beam CT based on deep learning Ye Ye, Fang Shuobo, Lu Huitong, Liu Mingqian, Wu Xueying Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 119-125.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.002 Abstract （425）      PDF （1649KB）（782）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To train the U-net of convolutional neural network to establish a method for detecting and segmenting the mandibular canal and its bifurcation, and validate its accuracy based on the ground truth labeled by experts. METHODS: A total of 290 CBCT scans were collected from Shanghai Stomatological Hospital from Jan. 2022 to Dec. 2022, which were divided into training set of 200 scans and test set of 90 scans. Model training included two steps. In the first step, bilateral mandibular canals and its bifurcation of 50 CBCT scans were labeled in 3D Slicer image computing platform by investigators. Three dimensional U-net segmentation model were trained initially with data enhancement. A morphological post-processing method was applied to the predicted results. In the second step, pseudo label method was employed to help annotating the mandibular canal and corresponding bifurcations on remaining 150 CBCTs, which would be included in training set after revision. Three dimensional U-net model was trained based on these 200 data. During test phase, totally 90 scans were labeled by two doctors and U-net model respectively. Consistency check was conducted to evaluate the labels between two doctors. Dice similarity coefficient and Hausdorff distance were calculated to evaluate the labels between doctors and the model. The detection rate of bifurcation was calculated. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: In 90 CBCT test set, the Kappa value between two dentists' annotations was 0.667. The average Dice and Hausdorff distance between predictions and labels of doctors were (0.739±0.068) and (0.988±1.14) mm. In bifurcation detection, the detection rate was 91.30% on scans with clear bifurcations. CONCLSIONS: The dentification and segmentation U-net model of mandibular canal on dental CBCT can be reliable and practical for its high segmentation precision and predicting speed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of aesthetic effect between immediate and delayed implant restoration of single maxillary anterior tooth Liu Bingyao, Yu Yue, Wu Yingying, He Maodian, Zhang Fangqi Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 387-391.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.008 Abstract （176）      PDF （548KB）（772）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To compare the aesthetic effects of immediate implant restoration and delayed implant restoration of single maxillary anterior tooth. METHODS: A total of 163 patients who underwent single anterior tooth implantation in the maxilla at Taikang Xianlin Drum Tower Hospital from January 2020 to May 2023 were selected. They were divided into immediate implant restoration group(n=75) and delayed implant restoration group(n=88). In the immediate implant restoration group, a temporary implant was installed and implanted immediately after extraction, while in the delayed implant restoration group, the implant was implanted 3-6 months after extraction and repaired after the implant was stabilized. The outcomes, including implant success rate, soft tissue aesthetics, implant stability, aesthetic outcomes, periodontal health, pink esthetic score (PES), white esthetic score (WES), bone resorption after 12 months and subjective satisfaction were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: After exclusion, totally 62 patients in the immediate implant restoration group and 64 patients in the delayed implant restoration group were included in the analysis. Both groups had a 100% implant success rate with no significant difference between the two groups(P>0.05). The immediate implant restoration group was significantly better in terms of soft tissue aesthetics and implant stability compared to the delayed implant restoration group(P<0.05). Aesthetic effect scores for the immediate implant restoration group were significantly higher than those of the delayed group at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months postoperatively(P<0.05). The periodontal tissue health of the immediate implant restoration group was significantly better than that of the delayed group at various time points(P<0.05). PES and WES scores of immediate implant restoration group were significantly better than those of the delayed group(P<0.05). At 12 months after surgery, bone resorption in the immediate implant restoration group was significantly lower than that in the delayed group, subjective satisfaction score was significantly higher than that in the delayed group(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in color satisfaction between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Immediate implant restoration of maxillary single anterior teeth is superior to delayed implant restoration in soft tissue aesthetic effect, implant stability and patient satisfaction, which is suitable for patients with high aesthetic requirements. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The impact of oral occlusal exercises on occlusal performance of oral cancer patients following segmental mandibulectomy without simultaneous reconstruction Yang Ling, Zhou Tian, Zhao Ning, Qu Xingzhou, Chen Weihong, Zhao Yan, Hou Lili Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 184-190.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.013 Abstract （256）      PDF （1111KB）（716）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of oral occlusion exercises on occlusal performance of oral cancer patients who underwent segmental mandibular resection without simultaneous reconstruction. METHODS: From October 2022 to May 2023, a total of 63 oral cancer patients who underwent segmental mandibular resection without reconstruction at the Department of Oromaxillofacial Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected. They were randomly divided into control group (30 patients) and experimental group (33 patients). The control group received conventional care, while the experimental group underwent oral occlusion exercises except conventional care. After three months, the maximum total occlusal force(TOF), asymmetry index of occlusal force(AOF), center of occlusal force(COF), and mastication efficiency of both groups were compared. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, TOF in the experimental group was increased, AOF and COF were decreased, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.01). The masticatory efficiency of the experimental group was significantly better than that of the control group(P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Oral occlusal exercises can improve occlusal performance in patients with mandibular resection without reconstruction, but larger sample size and rigorous design are needed to further verify its clinical effect and mechanism. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A retrospective study on clinical outcomes of implant-supported rehabilitations in patients with alveolar cleft Lan Rong, Wu Yiqun, Huang Wei, Chen Zhenqi, Pan Xiaogang, Wang Feng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (3): 326-331.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.03.018 Abstract （227）      PDF （921KB）（694）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcomes of implant-supported prosthesis in alveolar cleft patients. METHODS: A total of 14 patients with alveolar cleft underwent implant restoration in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from January 2015 to January 2023 were collected. Among them, 9 were male and 5 were female. The age ranged from 18 to 52 years, with a mean of (26.1±10.6) years. The sequence treatment history of patients with cleft lip and palate and the effect of implant repair were retrospectively analyzed. RESULTS: Bone grafting in the fissured area failed repeatedly in 1 patient and no implant was implanted. A total of 21 implants were implanted in the remaining 13 patients with alveolar cleft, all of which achieved good osseointegration. In 10 cases, one implant was implanted in each fissure area for single crown or single end bridge repair. In 3 cases, 11 implants were implanted in the non-fissure area for fixed bridge repair. Seven patients with single implant were followed up for 6 to 96 months, with an average of (39.4±29.2) months. During their visits, patients underwent various examinations, including pink aesthetic score (PES) averaging 10.16±0.98, white aesthetic score(WES) averaging 8.50±1.23, and probing depth(PD) with a mean of (2.68±0.61) mm. Additionally, gingival index(GI) was recorded with a mean of 1.33±1.10, and marginal bone loss(MBL) was measured with a mean of (0.17±0.35) mm. The width of the mid-labial keratinized mucosa was observed to be (5.14±2.10) mm. CONCLUSIONS: Implant-supported prosthesis in the alveolar cleft area after well-established multidisciplinary sequential treatments have predictable middle-term success rate, satisfactory aesthetic outcomes and stable peri-implant soft and hard tissue conditions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of sliding vermilion flap in angulus oris defect after buccal mucosa cancer ablation Wu Kun, Wu Hanjiang Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 157-161.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.008 Abstract （195）      PDF （1469KB）（646）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of sliding vermilion flap in angulus oris defect after buccal mucosal cancer ablation. METHODS: A total of 33 patients with buccal mucosal cancer who underwent buccal mucosal cancer radical surgery and resection of angulus oris, and reconstructed with free anterolateral thigh flap transfer and sliding vermilion flap were collected from January 2015 to April 2021 in Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery at Second Xiangya Hospital. Thirty-three patients with buccal mucosal cancer admitted to Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University from January 2015 to April 2021 were selected. All patients underwent combined buccal-mandibulectomy and neck radical operation and resection of oral angle, and underwent anterolateral femoral free flap and lip red elastic flap reconstruction. The angulus oris outcome, aesthetics outcome, masticatory efficacy, swallowing and speech function were assessed by FACT-HN (The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck). The mouth opening was measured and recorded. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: The success rate of free flap transplantation was 100% in 33 patients. Although the aesthetics outcome was decreased at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration (P<0.001), there was no significant difference of angulus oris outcome at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration (P>0.05). Moreover, the masticatory function was significantly improved at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration(P=0.004). However, there was no significant difference of speech and swallowing function at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration (P>0.05). The mouth opening was significantly improved at postoperative 1 year compared with that of preoperative duration(P<0.05), and the satisfaction of mouth opening in these patients was 75.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The use of sliding vermilion flap can ideally repair the angulus oris, and offer a novel method to reconstruct defect of angulus oris. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the effect of cruciform tooth division and T-type crown amputation in extraction of mandibular middle and low impacted teeth Liu Jie, Wang Ying, Liu Zhenfei Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (3): 271-275.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.03.009 Abstract （255）      PDF （592KB）（642）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluation the effect of cruciform tooth division and T-type crown amputation in extraction of mandibular middle and low impacted teeth. METHODS: A total of 81 patients with mandibular middle and low impacted teeth treated in Bozhou People's Hospital from September to November 2024 were selected. According to the different extraction methods,they were divided into the control group(n=40, T-type crown amputation) and experimental group(n=41, cross tooth extraction). The operative time, intraoperative complications(anxiety, broken root), postoperative complications (pain, swelling and restricted mouth opening), healing of tooth extraction socket 1 week after surgery, and quality of life before and 1 week after surgery[oral health impact scale 14(OHIP-14)] were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The operative time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group, the total incidence of intraoperative complications(4.88%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (20.00%), the score of postoperative pain and mouth opening restriction was significantly lower than that of the control group, the degree of postoperative swelling was significantly less than that of the control group, and the total incidence of postoperative complications(4.88%) was significantly lower than that of the control group(32.43%). The healing score of tooth socket 1 week after operation was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). One week after surgery,the OHIP-14 score of both groups was decreased,and the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with T-type crown amputation, cruciform tooth division can shorten the operation time of mandibular middle and low impacted tooth extraction, reduce the occurrence of intraoperative anxiety, broken root, postoperative pain, swelling and restricted mouth opening, and is conducive to the healing of tooth extraction wound. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Exploration of aesthetic perception changes in female patients after extraction orthodontic treatment by non-orthodontic professionals with higher education in Shanghai Chan Iantong, Mao Yanmin, Lu Yun, Lyu Jinzhao, Li Qiang Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 369-374.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.005 Abstract （166）      PDF （1059KB）（543）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the factors influencing aesthetic perception changes among non-orthodontic professionals with higher education in Shanghai regarding the maxillofacial appearance of women before and after orthodontic treatment with extractions. METHODS: A total of 18 non-orthodontic professionals (9 men and 9 women) who had received or were receiving higher education in Shanghai were recruited. Using Q-sort technique, the study compared pre- and post-treatment facial soft tissue changes in 48 adult females who underwent orthodontic treatment with extractions. RESULTS: Non-orthodontic professionals with higher education in Shanghai showed significant sensitivity to changes in the lower third of the face, overall facial contour, mouth corners, and chin of women before and after orthodontic treatment (P<0.05). However, changes in the nasolabial fold and upper and lower lips, which were often the focus of orthodontic professionals,didn't show significant differences in aesthetic perception. Female reviewers were more sensitive than male reviewers to aesthetic changes in the chin and lower third of the face, but there was no significant difference in overall facial evaluation. Reviewers born in the 2000s and 1990s demonstrated higher aesthetic sensitivity, while those born in the 1970s and 1980s showed more stable aesthetic evaluations. CONCLUSIONS: Non-orthodontic professionals with higher education experience in Shanghai are more sensitive to the aesthetic changes in the lower 1/3 of the face, chin and other areas after orthodontic treatment with tooth extraction, and the perceived differences are affected by gender and age, which can provide a reference for the design of endpoint goal schemes in clinical orthodontic treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Proteomic analysis of dental pulp serum in pulpitis at different stages Sui Xin, Xu Huaxing, Li Jiayang, Qin Zhiming, Ma Zhifei, Zhou Rongrui, Zhou Qiangqiang, Wei Xiaoling Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 346-353.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.002 Abstract （226）      PDF （1732KB）（537）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the differentially expressed proteins in dental pulp serum of pulpitis at different stages. METHODS: Dental pulp serum was collected from 9 pulpitis patients and categorized into three groups: initial pulpitis (IP), mild to moderate pulpitis (MP) and severe pulpitis (SP). Proteomics technology was utilized to screen for differentially expressed proteins. Functional annotation and enrichment analysis were then conducted using the Metascape database, while protein-protein interaction analysis was performed with the STRING database. RESULTS: Compared with the IP group, the MP group had 20 upregulated proteins and 23 downregulated proteins, while the SP group had one upregulated protein and 44 downregulated proteins. Compared to the MP group, the SP group had 9 upregulated proteins and 15 downregulated proteins. The differential proteins were mainly involved in key biological processes such as cellular response to stress, adaptive immune response, and the Parkin-ubiquitin proteasomal system. Protein-protein interaction network analysis identified several key functional nodes, including CCT6A. CONCLUSIONS: This study analyzed the differential expression of proteins in dental pulp serum between early, mild to moderate, and severe pulpitis, providing a theoretical basis for accurate diagnosis and clinical decision-making of pulpitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the correlation between the expression of Porphyromonas gingivalis, tumor-associated macrophages and the clinical prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma Li Muqiu, Li Chenxi, Wei Wei, Chen Cheng, Wang Bing, Gong Zhongcheng, Guo Wei, Ren Guoxin Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 132-138.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.004 Abstract （283）      PDF （2689KB）（529）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the immunoexpression and clinical significance regarding Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) and tumor-associated macrophage (TAM) in the tumor microenvironment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). METHODS: A total of 200 OSCC patients admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University between June 2008 and June 2020 were divided into P.gingivalis-strong-expression group(n=139) and P. gingivalis-weak-expression group (n=61), based on the immunohistochemical(IHC) staining. The detection of DOK3 and TAM was performed to quantify their expression level in two groups, respectively. The associations between the three mentioned biomarkers and clinicopathologic indicators were compared between the two groups, and the impact on patients' prognosis was also analyzed. R 4.2.2 software was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Death, late-stage cancer, T3-T4 and N(+) stage, large size (≥3 cm), moderate and poor differentiation, and recurrence exhibited significant associations with strong immunoexpression of P. gingivalis(P<0.05). Several variables of OSCC patients with strong immunoexpression of P. gingivalis including age, survival status, T and N stage, recurrence exhibited significant associations with strong immunoexpression of DOK3 (P<0.05); whereas T stage, clinical stage and tumor differentiation exhibited significant associations with strong immunoexpression of TAM (P<0.05). Additionally, the immunoexpression of P. gingivalis was positively associated with the immunoexpression of DOK3 and TAM(P<0.01). The prognosis of OSCC patients with strong positive expression of P. gingivalis, DOK3 and TAM was worse than that of patients with weak immunoexpression, respectively(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: P. gingivalis is positively correlated with DOK3 and TAM. In addition, the strong immunoexpression levels of P. gingivalis, DOK3 and tumor-associated macrophage are associated with poor prognosis in patients with OSCC. Collectively, the mentioned three biomarkers can be considered as important indicators for evaluating clinical prognosis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the effect of Lava Ultimate veneer combined with cast porcelain inlays in the treatment of mild-moderate dentition wear in the elderly patients Zhou Jianying, Wang Jing, Pang Shuting, Zhang Yansheng, Ma Huajing, Feng Yanfen, Zhao Shijun, Hu Kunpeng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 208-212.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.017 Abstract （246）      PDF （619KB）（440）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the effect of Lava Ultimate veneer combined with cast porcelain inlays in the treatment of mild-moderate dentition wear in the elderly. METHODS: A total of 60 elderly patients with mild-moderate dentition wear due to physical factors who underwent treatment from July 2019 to July 2023 were selected and randomly divided into control group(n=30) and experimental group(n=30). The control group received traditional all-ceramic crown restoration treatment, while the experimental group received Lava Ultimate veneers for anterior teeth and porcelain inlays for posterior teeth. The chewing efficiency, prosthesis effectiveness, periodontal index [gingival index(GI), plaque index (PI)], clinical efficacy, aesthetic satisfaction and comfort were compared between the two groups before and after treatment.SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: Before treatment, there was no significant difference in chewing efficiency and absorbance between the two groups(P>0.05). After treatment, masticatory efficiency and absorbance of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). One week and 6 months after treatment, there was no significant difference in prosthesis margin fit, wear degree, retention, gingival condition, color, shape, secondary caries, restoration fracture, GI and PI between the two groups(P>0.05). At 12 months after treatment,the prosthesis margin fit, retention, gingival condition, GI and PI of the experimental group were significantly better than those of the control group(P<0.05). The total effective rate, satisfaction and comfort of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: After treatment with Lava Ultimate veneers for anterior teeth and porcelain inlays for posterior teeth, the masticatory efficiency of the elderly patients with mild-moderate dentition wear is improved, and the prosthesis effect, periodontal index, satisfaction and comfort are significantly improved. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of biologically oriented preparation technique and conventional dental preparation in total crown restoration Guo Ling, Xu Longfen Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 398-402.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.010 Abstract （295）      PDF （660KB）（389）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the value of biologically oriented preparation technique and conventional dental preparation in total crown restoration. METHODS: A total of 93 patients who underwent total crown restoration from January 2020 to November 2022 were selected, and were divided into experimental group and control group according to different dental preparation techniques. The control group was treated with conventional dental preparation (46 cases, 74 teeth), while the experimental group was treated with BOPT (47 cases, 75 teeth). Periodontal health indicators [plaque index (PI), gingival index (gingival index), probing depth (PD) and gingival thickness (GT)] were evaluated at 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment. The incidence of complications and patients' satisfaction were compared. RESULTS: In the control group, PI increased with time, reaching the highest value (2.20±0.57) at 1 year and decreasing to (1.70±0.66) at 2 years. PI of the experimental group reached the highest value (2.61±0.52) at the 3rd month, decreased at the 6th month, decreased to close to before treatment at the 1st year, and was significantly lower than before treatment at the 2nd year(P<0.001). The GI of the two groups decreased with the extension of time, and the GI of the experimental group at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.001). The PD of the two groups decreased with the extension of time, and the PD of the control group increased at 6 months after treatment, and the PD of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment (P<0.001). Buccal GT of the two groups decreased with the extension of time, and the GT of the experimental group at 6 months, 1 year and 2 years after treatment was significantly lower than that of the control group (P<0.05). The incidence of biological complications in the experimental group (2.67%) was significantly lower than that in the control group (10.81%)(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of mechanical complications between the two groups (P>0.05). The total complication rate of the experimental group (4.00%) was significantly lower than that of the control group (14.86%)(P<0.05). The scores and total scores of satisfaction of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: BOPT for total crown repair can reduce PI, GI and PD, increase GT, reduce complications and improve patients' satisfaction. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of anxiety and depression symptoms on periodontitis based on Mendelian randomization study Lei Deng, Zhou Yingbin, Huang Sihui, Li Yufeng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 414-421.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.013 Abstract （184）      PDF （1171KB）（373）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the effects of anxiety and depression on the risk of periodontitis using Mendelian randomization (MR) method, and to analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression symptoms in patients with periodontitis, so as to provide evidence for clinical prevention and treatment. METHODS: The data of 70 patients with periodontitis and 35 healthy controls who were treated in the Fourth Hospital of Changsha from August 2022 to August 2024 were collected.Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAMA) was used to assess the anxiety of the subjects. Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) was used to assess symptoms of depression of the subjects, and potential risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) were screened from the Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) database as instrumental variables. The independent SNP were screened according to the P-value threshold (P=5e-05) and the linkage unbalanced clustering method (window size 10 000 kb, r2 threshold 0.001), and the data were coordinated. Five MR methods, including inverse variance weighted (IVW), were used to analyze the causal relationship between anxiety and depression on acute and chronic periodontitis. RESULTS: In the clinical case-control study, HAMA and HAMD scores of the periodontitis group were significantly higher than those of the control group (HAMA: P=0.006; HAMD: P=0.007). The incidence of anxiety in the periodontitis group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P=0.008), and the incidence of depression was also significantly higher (P=0.006). Logistic regression analysis revealed that anxiety, depression, and age ≥ 60 years were independent risk factors for periodontitis (P<0.05). MR analysis showed that anxiety was significantly positively correlated with acute periodontitis (IVW method, P =0.037), and depression was significantly positively correlated with acute periodontitis (IVW method, P=0.043), but neither was significantly associated with chronic periodontitis (P>0.05). The tests for pleiotropy and heterogeneity indicated that the analysis results were reliable (IVW method and MR Egger method, P>0.05 for both). CONCLUSIONS: There is significant correlation between anxiety and depression symptoms and periodontitis. It is recommended to consider the influence of psychological factors in clinical treatment of periodontitis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The study on the effects of different shapes of nasopalatine canals on tooth movement and implantation during orthodontic and implant treatment with CBCT Zhu Wanyu, Shi Xiaoyu, Yang Jie, Nie Jing Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 171-176.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.011 Abstract （298）      PDF （1076KB）（357）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of the nasopalatine canal(NPC) shape and its morphometric characteristics on expected teeth movement by assessing the distance to maxillary central incisors (MCIs) according to NPC type. METHODS: A total of 200 patients with CBCT imaging data meeting the inclusion criteria were selected. The nasopharyngeal canal in the sagittal plane was classified. The following parameters were obtained: incisor foramen diameter, nasopalatine canal length, anterio-posterior diameter of incisor foramen (A-P IF), anterio-posterior diameter of Stenson foramen (A-P NF), nasopalatine tube 1/2 length diameter(M-L IF), and the distance between NPC and MCIs. The data were analyzed with SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: Diameter of incisor hole（P=0.045）, A-P IF（P=0.001）, M-L IF（P<0.001）, A-P NF（P<0.001） had significant difference. In cylindrical-shaped NPC, a significant correlation was observed for NPC length, while in funnel-shaped NPC, a significant correlation was observed for A-P IF and NPC length. In hourglass-shaped NPC, a significant correlation was observed for A-P IF, A-P NF, and NPC length. CONCLUSIONS: Each NPC shape showed specific impacts on the relationship between NPC diameters at different sections and distances to MCIs. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A comparative study on the effects of three types of toothbrushes on the formation of abfraction lesions in teeth Xu Xiaoming, Tian Yingju, Gao Lin, Wang Junyan, Xie Xinyi Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 422-426.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.014 Abstract （230）      PDF （1073KB）（317）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To compare the differences in formation of abfraction lesions using three different types of toothbrushes, i.e. mechanical electric toothbrush, sonic electric toothbrush, and ordinary manual toothbrush. METHODS: Seventy-one subjects were recruited publicly and randomly divided into three groups with 24 subjects in the mechanical electric toothbrush group (experimental group 1), another 24 subjects in the sonic electric toothbrush group (experimental group 2), and 23 subjects in the ordinary manual toothbrush group (control group). The observation period was 12-15 months. During the beginning and the end of the experiment, oral digital impressions were obtained by using 3Shape TRIOS 3 intraoral scanning device (Denmark). The two 3D Object (.stl) files obtained were compared and overlapped by using EXO CAD software,and the numerical values of the cervical changes of all canines, first premolars, and second premolars on the labial and buccal sides of the gingival margin after comparison and overlap were measured using 3Shape 3D ViewerTM software. RESULTS: The cervical defect values of the mechanical electric toothbrush group were significantly higher than those of the sonic electric toothbrush group and the ordinary manual toothbrush group (P<0.001), and the cervical defect values of the sonic electric toothbrush group were significantly higher than those of the ordinary manual toothbrush group (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in gender within each group between the mechanical electric toothbrush group and the sonic electric toothbrush group (P>0.05), while the cervical defect values of the male subjects in the ordinary manual toothbrush group were significantly higher than those of the female subjects (P<0.001). The cervical defect value of the mechanical electric toothbrush group was significantly higher than that of the conventional manual toothbrush group at 14, 25, 35, 43, 44 and 45 tooth positions among the three groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the cervical defect value of the mechanical electric toothbrush group was significantly higher than that of the sonic electric toothbrush group at 44 tooth position (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the defect value among all groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with ordinary manual toothbrushes, mechanical electric toothbrushes and sonic electric toothbrushes are more effective in promoting the formation of abfraction lesions. The teeth in the lower right mandible are more susceptible to abfraction lesions caused by mechanical electric toothbrushes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of information system in management value of high-value dental implant consumables Zhang Yan, Zhang Siyi, Sun Yang Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 444-448.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.018 Abstract （177）      PDF （626KB）（310）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the application effect of an informatized management platform for high-value dental implant consumables developed based on the hospital resource planning system in optimizing consumable management processes. METHODS: A pre-post comparative study was conducted. The conventional management mode for high-value dental implant consumables from May 2023 to January 2024 in the Department of Stomatology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University served as the control group (n=5 872), while the informatized management mode from February 2024 to October 2024 was set as the experimental group (n=5 932). The two groups were compared in terms of consumable inventory in-out time, postoperative registration time, inventory time, total process time for single bone grafting surgery, billing accuracy rate, and satisfaction of medical staff. RESULTS: In the experimental group, the consumable inventory in-out time, postoperative registration time, inventory time, and total surgical process time were significantly shorter than those in the control group (P<0.001). The billing accuracy rate increased from 97.2% to 100% (P=0.004). The satisfaction rate among doctors reached 94.64%, and that among nurses reached 93.75%. CONCLUSIONS: The informatized platform achieves full-process supervision and quality control of high-value consumables, significantly improves management efficiency and billing accuracy, optimizes surgical processes, and enhances job satisfaction of medical staff, providing an innovative approach for refined management of dental implants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the effect of two types of arch expansion combined with maxillary protraction in the treatment of Class III bony malformations Dong Zuoying, Shang Jinzheng, Sun Yu, Gou Naizheng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 440-443.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.017 Abstract （227）      PDF （478KB）（281）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of rapid maxillary expansion and maxillary alternate rapid expansion combined with maxillary protraction in the treatment of Class III bony malformations. METHODS: A total of 82 patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion admitted to Jiaozhou Central Hospital of Qingdao from May 2021 to April 2024 were selected and divided into two groups according to admission time. The control group (n=40) was treated with simple maxillary rapid arch expansion combined with maxillary protraction. The experimental group (n=42) was treated with maxillary alternate rapid expansion and contraction combined with maxillary protraction, the therapeutic effect of the two groups was compared. RESULTS: Three months after treatment, the Z-angle, H-angle and upper lip angle of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the lower lip inclination was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05). SNA, U1-NA, ANB indexes, maximum occlusal contact area and maximum biting force in the experimental group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while U1-L1 and SNB indexes were significantly lower than those in control group (P<0.05). The masticatory efficiency and oral health impact scale (OHIP-14) scores of the experimental group were significantly higher than those of the control group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Rapid maxillary expansion combined with maxillary protraction can improve the occlusal function and masticatory efficiency of patients with skeletal Class III malocclusion, and improve the soft and hard tissue indexes of the patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of dental-derived stem cells on the biological characteristics of cementoblasts Li Wenwen, Ma Wensheng, Li Yinghui, Zhao Yuan, Li Dongna, Zhai Haoyan, Liu Chunyan Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 354-361.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.003 Abstract （169）      PDF （2422KB）（275）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of dental-derived mesenchymal stem cells on the biological characteristics of cementoblasts. METHODS: Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) and dental pulp stem cell (DPSCs) were isolated, flow cytometry was used to detect cell surface markers. Cementoblasts OCCM-30 were coculture with PDLSCs and DPSCs for 12 h and 24 h. Cell proliferation was examined using the CCK-8 method. ALP staining was used to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of cementoblasts in different treatment groups. Wound healing migration assays and Transwell migration assays were performed to compare the migration of cementoblasts. The expression of MMP9 and MMP13 was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). RESULTS: The expression rates of CD90 and CD34 of PDLSCs were 99.44% and 0.23%. The expression rates of CD90 and CD34 of DPSCs were 99.93% and 3.47%. Their multipotency were illustrated based on differentiation to abiogenic, osteogenic lineages. Human mesenchymal stem cells promoted the proliferation of cementoblasts(P<0.05). The osteogenic differentiation of cementoblasts was increased after stem cells treatment. The migration of cementoblasts was increased after stem cells treatment (P<0.05), and the expression of MMP9 and MMP13 were enhanced. CONCLUSIONS: Dental-derived stem cells can promote the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation and migration of cementoblasts, playing an active role in cementum restoration and providing a scientific basis for promoting the repair process in root resorption. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of the effect and influencing factors of fluoride iontophoresis in preventing dental caries in children Guo Xiaojin, Lu Qian, Zhang Kaichi, Guo Xiaolin Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 409-413.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.012 Abstract （201）      PDF （614KB）（257）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the effect of fluoride iontophoresis in preventing dental caries in children, characteristics of saliva fluoride metabolism and influencing factors. METHODS: A total of 500 children who underwent oral examinations from April 2022 to October 2023 were selected and divided into experimental group and control group according to the random number table method, with 250 children in each group. The control group received routine prevention, while the experimental group received fluoride iontophoresis prevention. The caries prevention effects, salivary fluoride concentrations and caries prevalence after 12 months of intervention were compared between the two groups before intervention and 12 months after intervention, according to whether they had caries or not, they were divided into caries group (n=258) and non-caries group (n=242). The general data of the two groups were compared, and the influencing factors of caries in children were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: Twelve months after intervention, the decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT) index and significant caries index (SiC) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). At 30 minutes, 2 hours, 4 hours, 6 hours, and 2 days after intervention, the salivary fluoride concentration in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). Twelve months after intervention, the caries incidence rate in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P<0.05). The results of univariate analysis showed that age, weaning age, frequency of sweet food consumption, frequency of night eating, age of starting to brush teeth, brushing frequency, toothpaste with or without fluoride, regular check-ups and the concentration of free fluoride after intervention were the influencing factors of dental caries in children (P<0.05). The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that older age and older weaning age were independent risk factors for dental caries in children (P<0.05), while the frequency of sweet food consumption<3 times per week, the frequency of nocturnal eating<5 times per week, fluoride content in toothpaste and regular oral examinations were independent protective factors for dental caries in children (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Fluoride iontophoresis can significantly reduce the incidence of dental caries in children, increasing the fluoride concentration in saliva, affected by multiple factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A study on the relationship between etiology and influencing factors of burning mouth syndrome Zhou Huirong, Lin Xiaoping Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (2): 139-145.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.005 Abstract （311）      PDF （794KB）（247）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To analyze the etiology and related influencing factors of burning mouth syndrome (BMS). METHODS: A total of 109 patients with BMS who visited the Department of Stomatology of Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University from November 2022 to October 2023 were selected, and 84 healthy volunteers who participated in the survey during the same period were selected as the control group. The basic information of the research subjects was recorded, and oral health status, periodontal health status and psychological status of the research subjects were evaluated. Student's t test, Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the factors affecting the incidence of BMS with SPSS 27.0 software package. RESULTS: Mono-factor analysis showed that residual crown, residual root, periodontitis, anxiety status, depressive status, sleep disorders, menopause, diabetes, digestive system diseases and lacunar infarction were related to the incidence of BMS (P<0.05). The variables with P<0.1 in mono-factor analysis were selected for multivariate logistic regression analysis. The results showed that periodontitis, COVID-19, anxiety status, depressive status, sleep disorders, lacunar infarction, and digestive system diseases were factors affecting the incidence of BMS (P<0.05 and OR>1). CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis and treatment of BMS require multidisciplinary cooperation of specialists such as psychiatry, neurology and gastroenterology, and active treatment of systemic or related diseases. In addition to strengthening oral hygiene and periodontal health management for patients, clinical practitioners should also pay attention to the aggravation of BMS patients' pain intensity, sleep quality and anxiety caused by COVID-19 pandemic, and provide timely psychological counseling to better control the development of BMS. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Correlation of serum Semaphorin3A, FGF-23 levels with periodontal indices and disease severity in patients with chronic periodontitis Xiao Zunsheng, Ding Wencui, Wang Lihui, Jia Huiwen, Jin Yanyan, Li Xinsheng Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 403-408.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.04.011 Abstract （199）      PDF （702KB）（234）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To analyze the correlation of serum Semaphorin3A(Sema3A), fibroblast growth factor 23(FGF-23) levels with periodontal indices and disease severity in patients with chronic periodontitis. METHODS: A total of 115 CP patients admitted to Cangzhou Central Hospital from June 2022 to June 2023 were selected and divided into severe group (34 cases), moderate group (39 cases) and mild group (42 cases) according to the severity of the disease; meanwhile, another 115 healthy individuals with periodontitis who underwent physical examination were selected as the control group. Serum Sema3A and FGF-23 levels of all subjects were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and serum inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-17] and the levels of periodontal indices [gingival index(GI), bleeding index (BI), plaque index (PLI), loss of attachment (AL) and probing depth (PD)] in CP group were detected. Pearson correlation analysis was employed to explore the correlations between the levels of Sema3A and FGF-23 and periodontal parameters and inflammatory markers. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the factors affecting the severity of CP patients. ROC curve was used to evaluate the severity of CP patients with SPSS 25.0 software package. RESULTS: The serum Sema3A level in the CP group was significantly lower than that in the control group, while the FGF-23 level was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The serum Sema3A level in mild, moderate, and severe CP group decreased sequentially, while FGF-23 level increased sequentially(P<0.05). The levels of GI, AL, BI, PLI, PD, TNF-α, IL-17 and IL-6 in the mild, moderate, and severe CP groups increased sequentially (P<0.05). The serum Sema3A level was negatively correlated with GI, AL, BI, PLI, PD, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-6, while the FGF-23 level was positively correlated with the above indicators (P<0.05). Sema3A was a protective factor for exacerbation in CP patients, while FGF-23, GI, AL, BI, PLI, PD, TNF-α, IL-17, and IL-6 were risk factors (P<0.05). The AUC of combined evaluation of serum Sema3A and FGF-23 of the severity of CP patients was 0.919 (95%CI: 0.854-0.962), which was obviously better than a single indicator (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Serum Sema3A is decreased and FGF-23 is increased in CP patients, which is closely related to periodontal parameters and disease severity, and combination evaluation has a high value in estimating the severity of CP patients. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics