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25 December 2018, Volume 27 Issue 6 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Diagnostic classification for malocclusions with facial prognathism and its incorporation into mandibular morphological analysis SHEN Gang 2018, 27 (6):  561-566.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.001 Abstract ( 814 )   PDF (4542KB) ( 493 )   Since its introduction, the diagnostic classification for malocclusions with facial prognathism has been well recognized and practically applied in orthodontic specialty. According to this classification, the malocclusions with a prognathic facial profile can be categorized into 4 classes: dento-alveolar originated, skeletally originated, mandibular positioning and combined skeletal and mandibular positioning, i.e, combined subtype I and subtype II. Among the new developments of this innovative malocclusion classification, the morphological assessment of mandibular body highlights a new impetus. Other than measuring the angular and linear perimeters only, this new dogma focuses on evaluating the physical contours of the mandible through cephalometric images. It includes the determination of geometric morphology of the mandible and the depth of symphysis curvature. Two types of mandibular morphology are common in patients with facial prognathism: a favorable flat and horizontally rectangular body with a prominent chin; and a unfavorable thick and vertically triangular body with a retrusive chin. The depth of the symphysis, on the other hand, is shown to be shallow or deep. It is noted that the prognathism with mandibular retruded positioning has a flat mandible and unfavorable triangle-shaped mandible exists only in skeletal prognathism. This new classification restricts the extraction indications for malocclusions with a prognathic facial profile: extraction should be refrained in cases with increased overjet, overbite and deep curve of Spee, and SGTB orthopedic therapy, instead, is recommended.[key words] References | Related Articles | Metrics

Original Articles

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Effect of TGF-β3 transfected with adipose derived stem cells and OGP-HA-chondroitin sulfate scaffold on repair of condylar cartilage in rabbits GUO Yan-wei, YANG Shi-mao 2018, 27 (6):  567-573.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.002 Abstract ( 284 )   PDF (5457KB) ( 137 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility of repairing damaged cartilage of rabbit condylar with TGF-β3-transfected adipose stem cells combined with OGP (osteogenesis peptide)-HA (hyaluronic acid)-ChS (chondroitin sulfate) scaffold. METHODS: Rabbit ADSCs were isolated and cultured. The expression vector carrying TGF-β3 gene was constructed using recombinant adenovirus and transfected into rabbit ADSCs. The fluorescence expression of the cells was observed after 14 days and the efficiency of virus transfection was calculated. Western blot was used to detect the expression of TGF-β3 protein. Fifty rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups: group A as blank group, group B as TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs group, group C as OGP-HA-ChS scaffold group, group D as ADSCs complex OGP-HA-ChS group, E group was TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs with OGP-HA-ChS. After the rabbit temporomandibular joint osteoarthrosis model was established, the animals were transplanted according to the experimental design. The animals in each group were sacrificed after the 3rd and 9th weeks of transplantation. Scanning electron microscopy, histological observation and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR were performed accordingly. SPSS17.0 software package was used for analysis of variance and t test. RESULTS: Scanning electron microscopy and histological observation showed that the repair of cartilage lesions in group D and E was better than those in group B and C. Compared with group B, the results of real-time quantitative PCR showed that the expression of MMP-3 in group E was similar to that in group A, but significantly lower than that in group C and D (P<0.05). The expression of TIMP-1 in group E was similar to that of group A, but significantly higher than group C and D (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: TGF-β3 transfected ADSCs composite OGP-HA-ChS scaffold has repairing effect on rabbit condylar damaged cartilage. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of impact direction on the cushion property of mouthguards: a finite element analysis ZHU Yuan-bing, LAI Guang-yun, WANG Jun 2018, 27 (6):  574-578.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.003 Abstract ( 298 )   PDF (3698KB) ( 227 )   PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the cushion property of mouthguards when the impact object came from different directions. METHODS: A 3D finite element model of upper central incisor, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone was developed based on cone-beam CT (CBCT) images of a plastic teeth model. The mouthguards were modeled in 5 different thickness (T: 0, 1.5, 3, 4.5 and 6 mm) and a nonlinear dynamic impact analysis, in which the finite element models were collided by a steel ball from different directions (D: angles between the impact direction and the long axis of tooth were 30°, 60°, 90°, 120°, respectively), was performed. The stress cushion efficiency was calculated. RESULTS: The stress cushion efficiency of the mouthguards varied with different thicknesses and impact directions. When T=1.5 mm and 3 mm, the stress cushion efficiency was minimal as D=60° and maximal as D=120°. However, when T=4.5 mm and 6 mm, the stress cushion efficiency was minimal as D=90° and maximal as D=30°. Moreover, the stress cushion efficiency of mouthguards improved with the increasing thickness in each impact direction. CONCLUSIONS: The impact direction affects the stress cushion efficiency of mouthguards, which however is influenced by the thickness of mouthguards. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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rhPDGF-BB promotes migration of bone marrow stromal stem cells in diabetic rats WANG De-fang, LIU Yan, WANG Jue 2018, 27 (6):  579-584.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.004 Abstract ( 289 )   PDF (4238KB) ( 133 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of different concentrations of rhPDGF-BB on bone marrow stromal stem cells(BMSCs) migration in diabetic rat, and related mechanisms of SDF-1 and its G-protein conjugated receptor regulation, provide a theoretical basis for the application of rhPDGF-BB to diabetic patients for bone regeneration therapy. METHODS: Animal model with diabetes were induced by streptozotocin in rats. BMSCs of diabetic rats were cultured in vitro as the control group. Transwell chemokinesis model was adopted to detect the chemokinesis of BMSCs in vitro with rhPDGF-BB at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, and 100 ng/mL, and real-time PCR was used to detect the expression of BMSCs SDF-1, CXCR4 mRNA, determine the optimum concentration of the drug. The regulatory effects of rhPDGF-BB on SDF-1 and CXCR4 expression of BMSCs were confirmed in reverse with PI3K/Akt inhibitor. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: In diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin, one week later, the rat tail vein blood glucose concentration higher than 16.7 mmol/L was selected as the successful model rats. Compared with BMSCs in diabetic rats, rhPDGF-BB promoted BMSCs migration in diabetic rats, 50 ng/mL rhPDGF-BB was the optimal concentration in diabetic rats, and PI3K/Akt inhibitors significantly inhibited the migration of BMSCs in diabetic rats. CONCLUSIONS: rhPDGF-BB promotes the migration of diabetic rat BMSCs and regulates its migration by regulating SDF-1/CXCR4 axis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of recasting on microstructure of dental ceramic alloys WANG Ying-hui, QIU Fen-fang, PAN Yu, WU Wei-qing, CHENG Hui 2018, 27 (6):  585-590.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.005 Abstract ( 255 )   PDF (4701KB) ( 177 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of recasting on metallographic microstructure of cobalt-chromium(Co-Cr), commercially pure titanium(cpTi), palladium-copper-gallium(Pd-Cu-Ga), aurum-platinum(Au-Pt) ceramic alloys. METHODS: Without adding new alloys, Co-Cr, cpTi, Pd-Cu-Ga and Au-Pt ceramic alloys were recasted for 1-3 times under the circumstance of vacuum compressive casting with argon. Before each recasting, these 4 ceramic alloys casted previously were treated by the most appropriate way which has been reported by our previous study. According to GB/T13298-2015 standards, the specimens of 4 ceramic alloys after recasting 1-3 times were grinded, polished, and etched and then the metallographic microstructure of them were determined by a metallographic microscope or scanning electron microscopy(SEM). RESULTS: With the increase of recasting times, the microstructure of Co-Cr ceramic alloy showed grain growth, grain matrix increase, and the intermetallic compound in the grain boundary increase, the microstructure of the cpTi ceramic alloy showed grain growth. The samples of cpTi ceramic alloy recasting twice appeared shaft tendency, and the ones which were recasted 3 times were compound of α-phase and β-phase. The microstructure of the Pd-Cu-Ga ceramic alloy showed grain growth slightly after casting 2-3 times, while no significant change was found on the microstructure of the Au-Pt ceramic alloy. CONCLUSIONS: Recasting changes the microstructure of Co-Cr, cpTi, and Pd-Cu-Ga ceramic alloys, and the ceramic alloys may recycled by the manufacturers. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Establishment of pharyngeal 3-dimensional finite element model of patients with isolated cleft palate GU Mei-zhen, XU Hong-ming, CHEN Fang, LI Xiao-yan, JIANG Yu-gang, LI Ke-yong 2018, 27 (6):  591-595.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.006 Abstract ( 264 )   PDF (3690KB) ( 118 )   PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to provide basis for future design and selection of cleft palate surgery through establishing finite element model of pharyngeal cavity which was suitable for biomechanical analysis. METHODS: One patient with isolated cleft palate and 1 normal child underwent multilayer head CT examination. The scanned data of pharyngeal cavity were imported into Mimics software for a 3-D geometric model reconstruction. The model was divided into a grid, so it can be further processed for subsequent finite element analysis. RESULTS: After applying 5cm water column pressure load of 0.0005 MPa at the back edge of the soft palate in the two models respectively, the results showed that the maximum stress of the abnormal nasopharyngeal cavity model was 0.025 MPa, greater than the normal model (0.017 MPa). The same pressure loading was applied to different parts of the two models, the stress change area in the posterior margin of the soft palate and the middle of the palate was the same, and the stress in the front of the hard palate was smaller. CONCLUSIONS: Finite element model has good biomechanical characteristics and geometric similarity. It can be used in isolated cleft palate with preoperative biomechanical analysis, for repairing and functional reconstructive surgery to provide ideal biomechanical model predicts. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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p38 MAPK pathway mediated BMP9-induced osteogenetic differentiation of hPDLSCs ZHANG Yi, HU Ting, YE Guo, XIANG Xue-rong, HU Na 2018, 27 (6):  596-601.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.007 Abstract ( 294 )   PDF (4599KB) ( 209 )   PURPOSE: To determine the effect of p38 MAPK signaling pathway on BMP9-induced osteogenetic differentiation of human periodontal ligament stem cells( hPDLSCs). METHODS: hPDLSCs were collected in vitro, and adenovirus vectors were used to infect hPDLSCs; then the activity and staining of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) were detected ,the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin(OCN) were detected by qPCR ,and the calcium nodule deposition was used to analyse the ability of BMP9-induced hPDLSCs osteogenetic differentiation. Phosphorylation of p38 and MKK3/6 was detected after hPDLSCs was intervened with Ad-BMP9 and SB203580 ( inhibitor of p38 MAPK signaling pathway) for 36 h respectively for the effect of the signaling pathway on osteogenic differentiation. SPSS16.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Under the action of Ad-BMP9, the activity of ALP, the levels of osteopontin and osteocalcin genes were significantly higher than the control group (P<0.01). Staining of ALP and the calcium nodule deposition were consistent with the activity of ALP, the levels of osteopontin and osteocalcin. Western blot demonstrated that the expression of p-p38 and p-MKK3/6 was increased significantly. After adding SB203580, the expression of ALP, OPN and OCN was decreased significantly (P<0.01),and the calcium mineral deposits were also decreased. CONCLUSIONS: During hPDLSCs differentiation, BMP9 can induce osteogenesis, and MKK3/6-p38-MAPK pathway was involved in the osteogenesis and had positive regulation for osteogenesis of hPDLSCs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Use of Zhengzhou University-quality of life scale in 218 postoperative patients with oral cancer SHEN Li, QIN Shuai-hua, LI Xin-ming, LI Wen-lu 2018, 27 (6):  602-606.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.008 Abstract ( 436 )   PDF (3396KB) ( 197 )   PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to explore the best threshold of Zhengzhou University-quality of life(ZZU-QOL) scale in patients with oral cancer 3 to 6 months after operation. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted on 218 patients with oral cancer who met the inclusion criteria. The patients were asked to fill in the ZZU-QOL and the University of Washington Quality of Life Scale(UWQOL). A total of 178 valid questionnaires were collected and the recovery rate was 81.65%. The UWQOL was used as "the gold standard", and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was drawn to determine the optimal threshold of quality of life scale of Zhengzhou University. Statistical analysis was performed by using SPSS 20 software package. RESULTS: There was a moderate positive correlation between total score of quality of life scale of Zhengzhou University and the total score of the UWQOL (r=0.685, P<0.05). When the ZZU-QOL threshold was 55.682, ROC curve was closest to the upper left corner, its sensitivity and specificity, false negative rate, false positive rate and Youden index were 0.797, 0.676, 0.203, 0.324 and 0.473, respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.809, the standard error of the area was 0.047, the 95% confidence interval was 0.718 - 0.901, and the threshold was 56 when the integer was taken. CONCLUSIONS: The optimal threshold of ZZU-QOL in oral cancer patients 3 to 6 months after operation was 56 points, which may be used as the theoretical guidance and basis for evaluation and screening of postoperative quality of life in patients with oral cancer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Changes of airway before and after Twin-block treatment in patients with mandibular retrusion WANG Wei, MO Shi-cheng, WANG Lin 2018, 27 (6):  607-611.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.009 Abstract ( 435 )   PDF (3626KB) ( 200 )   PURPOSE: To observe the changes of upper airway and the effect of different tongue position on upper airway volume before and after Twin-block treatment in patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion and mandibular retrusion. METHODS: Thirty-three patients (ages:11.3±0.89) with Class II division 1 malocclusion and mandibular retrusion were included in the study and divided into 2 groups, the control group (12 patients) and experimental group (21 patients). In the experimental group, according to the tongue position shown on cone-beam CT (CBCT), the patients were sub-divided into lower tongue position group and higher tongue position group. Patients in the experimental group were treated with Twin-block appliance, and CBCT was taken before treatment and 8 months after treatment. Patients in the control group underwent CBCT at the first month and eighth month. The changes of oropharyngeal airway volume and the minimal cross-sectional area were measured by using Dolphin software. SPSS 24 software package was used for t test and one-way variance analysis. RESULTS: After 8 months, the airway volume and the minimal cross sectional area of the oropharynx in the control group were not significantly changed, but significantly increased in the experimental group (P<0.001), especially in the higher tongue position group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Twin-block can significantly increase the oropharyngeal airway volume and minimum cross-sectional area in patients with Class II division 1 malocclusion and mandibular retrusion. In addition, mandibular advancement dose not correlate with airway improvement and the right tongue position has an obvious effect on airway opening in mandibular advancement. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Measurement and analysis on the teeth morphology in 90 Chinese Han young adults with normal occlusion CHEN Li, PAN Jie, ZHOU Feng-cheng, LIU Yue-hua 2018, 27 (6):  612-616.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.010 Abstract ( 367 )   PDF (3560KB) ( 213 )   PURPOSE: To measure and analyze the teeth surfaces in 90 Chinese Han young adults with normal occlusion from one university in Shanghai, and to provide data for straight wire appliance system for Chinese patients. METHODS: 90 volunteers with normal occlusion were selected from 9000 college freshmen in Shanghai,whose dental impression with normal occlusion were scanned into digital models. Crown angulation, crown inclination, buccal(labial) crown facial prominence were measured and analyzed by Smartee Ortho（A）software. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: The mean values of the teeth surfaces in normal occlusion were obtained, including crown angulation, crown inclination, buccal (labial) crown facial prominence. Crown angulations were leaning toward the middle line except upper second molars. Compared with west Caucasian, angulations were smaller in incisors and canines, and crown inclinations were larger in incisors and canines, especially the upper and lower canines. The upper and lower molars were inclined more to the lingual side. Crown facial prominence differences between upper first and second incisor were smaller, while the differences were larger between lower second incisor and canine, lower first and second molar. CONCLUSIONS: There are differences between Chinese and west Caucasian with normal occlusion. It is necessary to invent a kind of straight wire appliance system for Chinese patients. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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A primary analysis of oral mucosa and periodontal status of chronic graft-versus-host disease caused by hematopoietic stem cell transplantation LV Ke-jia, YAN Duo-duo, WANG Guo-hua, YAO Ya-nan, YAO Hua 2018, 27 (6):  617-623.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.011 Abstract ( 356 )   PDF (5024KB) ( 139 )   PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the severity and status of oral mucosa and periodontal status in early and late stage after receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplantation(HSCT). METHODS: This study enrolled patients submitted to hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Through a survey questionnaire, clinical examination, we collected clinical data from 108 HSCT recipients and divided them into 2 groups: transplantation time less than 1 year and more than 1 year. The oral mucosal and periodontal status were recorded and statistically analyzed with SPSS 21.0 software package. RESULTS: The incidence of oral features after HSCT was 78.95%. The incidence of mild symptoms with HSCT less than 1year (n=32) and HSCT more than 1 year (n=43) was 59.38% and 18.60%, respectively. There was significant difference between the two groups (χ2=11.525, P=0.001).The percent of lichenoid/hyperkeratotic plaques was 31.25% and 60.47%, respectively. The lichenoid/hyperkeratotic plaques were significantly different between the two groups (χ2=6.274, P=0.012). The detection rate of shallow and moderate pockets was 49.38% and 40.74%, respectively. Visual plaque, calculus and bleeding on probing were 62.96%, 64.20% and 50.62%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of periodontal and mucosal lesions after HSCT is high. The mild symptoms of oral graft versus host disease in early stage are identified obviously, mainly like lichenoid/hyperkeratotic plaques in late stage. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of two kinds of pain assessment tools for ICU patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery YIN Qi, HUANG Yao, LI Yan, YANG Yue-lai, MAO Yue-li 2018, 27 (6):  624-628.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.012 Abstract ( 471 )   PDF (3551KB) ( 264 )   PURPOSE: To explore the validity of two kinds of pain assessment tools for ICU patients after oral and maxillofacial surgery. METHODS: A total of 30 ICU patients post oral and maxillofacial surgery were included, and the patients' pain was assessed by 2 independent research nurses with 2 kinds of pain assessment tools (CPOT and BPS) at the same time under non-pain stimulations and pain stimulation (non-invasive blood pressure measurement and closed endotracheal intubation suction). The repeated assessment point included rest state, during intervention, 20 minutes after intervention. For conscious patients, pain score was also obtained by 1 researcher with numerical rating scale (NRS) after closed endotracheal intubation suction. The data were analyzed by reliability and validation test using SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: The internal consistency of CPOT and BPS was 0.809 and 0.878, respectively. In the analysis of discriminant validity, the pain stimulations scores of 2 scales were significantly higher than those in other assessment point (P<0.05); In the criterion validity, Spearman correlation coefficient between CPOT score and NRS score was 0.542, 0.461 between BPS score and NRS score during pain stimulation process. The results of sensitivity and specificity analysis revealed that when the CPOT score was cut by 3.5 point, the sensitivity and specificity were 55% and 96.7%, respectively, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.799; when the BPS score was cut by 7 point, the sensitivity and specificity respectively were 50% and 100%, respectively, the area under ROC curve (AUC) was 0.743. CONCLUSIONS: Both CPOT and BPS have good reliability and validity, which may be used to assess the pain of ICU patients in oral and maxillofacial surgery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study on upper molar mesial movement with miniscrews in the palatal suture and casting frame HU Qin-wei, ZHAO Ning, QIAN Wen-hao, MA Xiao-qing 2018, 27 (6):  629-632.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.013 Abstract ( 433 )   PDF (2683KB) ( 274 )   PURPOSE: To study the clinical effect of the upper first molar space closure by mesial traction of the second and the third molar with palatal miniscrew and casting frame. METHODS: Twelve cases with the upper first molar lost and only accepting regional orthodontic treatment were chosen. Two miniscrews were inserted beside the palatal suture, individual casting frames were manufactured to help stabilize the miniscrew and the upper premolars on the same side. The force was exerted on both the buccal and lingual side. Graphpad Prism 6.0 software was used for Student's t test. RESULTS: All the spaces were closed, the average mesial movement was 5.7 mm, the tipping of the second molar and the third molar was almost normal and the occlusion of other teeth kept intact. CONCLUSIONS: Miniscrew and casting frame can accomplish the effective mesial movement of the upper second and third molar to close the first molar space. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The curative effect of rhubarb extract on severe periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus LI Yue-ling, LI Yi-fan, ZHOU Yu-zong, YANG Jia-yin, RAN Xing 2018, 27 (6):  633-636.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.014 Abstract ( 331 )   PDF (2819KB) ( 209 )   PURPOSE: To observe the curative effect of rhubarb extract on severe periodontitis in patients with diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Fifty patients with severe periodontitis and diabetes mellitus were randomly divided into 2 groups. The patients in the control group were treated with scaling and root planning(SRP); while patients in the experimental group were treated with SRP followed by topical use of rhubarb extract. Periodontal index probing pocket depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were examined before periodontal treatment,6 weeks and 12 weeks after treatment. SPSS 20.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Significant improvement in periodontal condition was noted in both groups after treatment, and the degree of improvement was greater in the experimental group than in the control group. No adverse event during the entire study was found. CONCLUSIONS: Topical application of rhubarb extract for the treatment of severe periodontitis with diabetes has good clinical efficacy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of low level laser combined with basic periodontal therapy on cytokines and LPS, leptin in gingival crevicular fluid of diabetes mellitus complicated with chronic periodontitis patients LI Feng, XU Hua-shun 2018, 27 (6):  637-640.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.015 Abstract ( 350 )   PDF (3239KB) ( 239 )   PURPOSES: To analyze the effect of low level laser treatment combined with basic therapy periodontal on cytokines and lipopolysaccharide, leptin in gingival sulcus of patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with chronic periodontitis (DMCP). METHODS: From January 2016 to January 2017, 80 patients with DMCP were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. Patients in the control group received basic periodontal therapy, while patients in the experimental group received low dose laser combined with basic periodontal treatment. Before treatment and 3 months after treatment, oral PD, SBI and CAL levels were detected in all patients. Venous blood was collected, HbA1c and FPG levels in blood serum were detected. TNF-α, IL-1, hs-CRP, LPS, leptin in gingival crevicular fluid were detected. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS19.0 software package. RESULTS: After treatment, CAL, PD, SBI, FBG, HbA1c, TNF-α, IL-1, hs-CRP, LPS levels were significantly decreased, Leptin level increased in both group, and the difference was significant (P<0.05). After treatment, CAL, PD, SBI, FBG, HbA1c, TNF-α, hs-CRP, IL-1 and the level of LPS in the experimental group was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05), and the level of leptin was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Low level laser combined with basic periodontal treatment can effectively reduce LPS level of DMCP patients in gingival sulcus, and improve the level of Leptin, significantly improve the inflammatory reaction and clinical efficacy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application and effect of enhanced recovery after surgery in early rehabilitation of oral cancer patients after operation ZHANG Guo-qin, LI Li-fang, LIU Li-juan, WU Yan, XIA Ai-rong, GAO Zhen-ran 2018, 27 (6):  641-644.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.016 Abstract ( 329 )   PDF (3013KB) ( 223 )   PURPOSE: To explore the application and effect of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) in early rehabilitation of oral cancer patients after operation. METHODS: Ninety cases of oral cancer admitted from January 2016 to December 2017 were randomly divided into two groups. 45 cases of oral cancer in the experimental group received ERAS nursing after operation, and another 45 patients received routine nursing after operation. The sleep duration, pain and halitosis 3 days after operation; the first time to get out of bed, the length of hospitalization; and the level of albumin and other laboratory indicators 1 and 3 days after operation were observed. SPSS 17.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After 1 day and 3 day of ERAS intervention, the nutritional index of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The time of first ambulation and the length of hospitalization were shorter than those of the control group. The average sleep time 3 days after operation was longer than that of the control group. The incidence of halitosis, wound infection and moderate pain was lower than that of the control group. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: ERAS nursing after oral cancer surgery can improve the comfort of patients, enhance the clinical outcome, promote rapid recovery of patients, with good clinical application prospects. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Curative effect of warm gutta-percha filling technique combined with different sealers in root canal filling SHU Yi, LUO Ye-jiao 2018, 27 (6):  645-648.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.017 Abstract ( 442 )   PDF (2775KB) ( 305 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical curative effect of warm gutta-percha filling technique combined with different sealers in root canal filling. METHODS: Ninety-five patients with pulpitis who underwent root canal filling from June 2015 to June 2017 were selected. They were randomly divided into group A (n=30), group B (n=33) and group C(n=32). Group A was treated with warm gutta-percha filling technique + iRoot SP, group B was treated with warm gutta-percha filling technique + AH plus, and group C was treated with warm gutta-percha filling technique + Vitapex. The quality of root canal filling at 7 days after surgery was compared among the three groups, and the pain degree was assessed. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software package. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in the rate of suitable filling among the three groups (P>0.05). The rates of level 1 pain in group A and group B (6.7% and 6.1%) were significantly lower than that in group C (28.1%) (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The root canal sealing effects of warm gutta-percha filling technique combined with iRoot SP or AH plus or Vitapex are good. However, compared with Vitapex, iRoot SP and AH plus can relieve symptoms of pain after root canal treatment more effectively. They are suggested as the preferred sealers in root canal filling. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical aesthetic effectiveness of restoring the subgingival residual crowns of anterior teeth with crown lengthening surgery GAO Hong-yuan, DUAN Yi-feng, CHEN Xiao-feng, ZHONG Xian-mei 2018, 27 (6):  649-651.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.018 Abstract ( 598 )   PDF (2233KB) ( 262 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effects of restoring the subgingival residual crowns of anterior teeth with periodontal and prosthodontics treatment. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with 28 subgingival residual crowns were treated by root canal therapy, crown lengthening surgery, and restored with post- core crown after 8 weeks. Changes in tooth mobility, gingival health were examined and clinical effect of crown restoration were evaluated at regular intervals of 1 month, 6 months and 12 months after restoration respectively. RESULTS: One year after restoration,the gingival health was improved and the overall effective rate was 89.28%. Three teeth were failed, one was due to mild tooth loose,and the other two were due to exposure of crown margin. CONCLUSIONS: For subgingival residual crowns of anterior teeth, crown lengthening surgery can conserve the biological width, and produce enough height of ferrule. Restoration can obtain satisfactory effects, but the indication must be selected properly. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Expression of cytokines Il-6, IL-34 and M-CSFR in chronic periodontitis and its clinical significance LUO Qiang, GU Xing-hua 2018, 27 (6):  652-656.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.019 Abstract ( 308 )   PDF (3224KB) ( 117 )   PURPOSE: To detect the expression of IL-6,IL-34 and M-CSFR in chronic periodontitis and healthy gingival tissue and discuss the role of IL-6,IL-34 and M-CSFR in the etiology of chronic periodontitis. METHODS: A total of 8 patients with mild chronic periodontitis and 8 patients with severe chronic periodontitis were collected in this study. As control,8 normal gingival tissues from extracted healthy were selected. The expression of IL-6, IL-34 and M-CSFR mRNA was detected by real-time PCR; the expression of IL-6, IL-34 and M-CSFR protein was detected by Western blotting. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism 6.0. RESULTS: The levels of IL-6, IL-34, M-CSFR mRNA and protein expression in chronic periodontitis was significantly higher than that of the normal gingival tissue(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: IL-6, IL-34 and M-CSFR may be closely related to the development of chronic periodontitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation of surgical - orthodontic treatment of dentigerous cysts in 19 children and adolescents YING Kai, REN Xuan-yi, WANG Liang, MAO Bin, CHEN Kang-ying, YANG Qing-fu, LI Xiang 2018, 27 (6):  657-660.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.020 Abstract ( 489 )   PDF (2746KB) ( 268 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of dentigerous cysts in children and adolescents with surgical windowing and orthodontic traction. METHODS: A total of 19 cases were collected from the First People 's Hospital of Yongkang between 2014 to 2016. All cases were treated with surgical windowing and orthodontic traction. During the operation, fenestration was made to remove part of the cyst wall; full expose the tooth surface for adhesion, attach orthodontic traction attachments, reposition the mucosal flap and suture, and then start orthodontic treatment to guide teeth eruption for 1-2 months. RESULTS: After treatment, the cysts were gradually decreased until disappeared. The teeth successfully reached the normal occlusal position; all erupted teeth have health periodontal tissues, normal pulp vitality, and good root morphology. CONCLUSIONS: Use of surgical windowing and orthodontic traction to treat dentigerous cysts in children and adolescents can achieve good clinical effect, which provides a new treatment method. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Dental Education

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Study on the practice and effect of target teaching method in teaching of dental technology interns ZHOU Man-li, CAI Yu-ping, JIN Jia-yao, XU Hong-yi, FAN Yi-die, XU Pei-cheng 2018, 27 (6):  661-663.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.021 Abstract ( 190 )   PDF (2035KB) ( 218 )   PURPOSE: To standardize the teaching process of interns in dental technology so as to make the learning progress and process goals more clearly and improve the teaching quality. METHODS: Thirty-two junior interns were selected from medical colleges and universities from 2014 to 2017, based on same learning ability, learning attitude, learning achievement and hands-on ability ,they were randomly divided into 2 groups. The experimental group adopted the goal teaching method, using relevant teaching materials, applying theory to practice closely, and trying to standardize practice. The control group entered the production lines directly without teaching materials, the students were all owed only to see, think and manipulate. The data were analyzed with SPSS 18.0 software package. RESULTS: The exam scores of the students in the experimental group were significantly higher than that of the students in the control group. Moreover, the satisfaction with the teaching methods of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The target teaching method is effective in teaching dental technology. Students clearly understand the study progress, process goals and their operational performance is significantly improved. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of common errors caused by typesetting in stomatological journals ZHANG Hui-hong, LI Xue-lu, XU Ling 2018, 27 (6):  664-667.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.01.022 Abstract ( 179 )   PDF (2605KB) ( 192 )   Typesetting is an important step in journal publishing process. There will be many differences between the original articles and typesetted articles with typesetting software, even derivative errors caused by negligence of typesetter. All these will cause trouble for later editing and proofreading work. This paper analyzed the common errors caused by typesetting in stomatological journals, in order to provide a reference for improving the quality of journal. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Systemic Review

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Contrast-enhanced CT for the diagnosis of extracapsular spread by head and neck cancers: a systematic review and meta analysis TANG Cao-min, QIAO Xiang-he, LI Chun-jie, YAN Kai-xiao, LIN Jie, WANG Xiao-yi 2018, 27 (6):  668-672.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.06.023 Abstract ( 740 )   PDF (3798KB) ( 151 )   PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the diagnostic efficacy of contrast-enhanced CT in the screening of extracapsular spread by head and neck cancers. METHODS: Electronic databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE,CBM,CNKI and SciencePaper Online were searched electronically. Hand-searching was also performed. QUADAS-2 was used by two independent reviewers to assess the methodological quality, and data extraction of included studies was delivered. Meta analysis was conducted via MetaDisc1.4 and STATA 11.0. RESULTS: A total of 8 studies involving 639 participants were included. All studies were retrospective, 1 had high risk of bias, and the remaining had unclear risk of bias. Meta analysis showed that when screening extracapsular spread, contrast-enhanced CT had a pooled sensitivity of 0.67, pooled specificity of 0.84, area under curve of 0.83. CONCLUSIONS: Contrast-enhanced CT is a good tool for diagnosing extracapsular spread by head and neck cancers. References | Related Articles | Metrics