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25 February 2019, Volume 28 Issue 1 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effect of serum starvation and culture to confluence on cell cycle synchronization and mineralization of human dental pulp cells PENG Wei-wei, DAI Zhao-wei, CAO Ying, HAN Jun-li, ZHU Ya-qin 2019, 28 (1):  1-5.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.001 Abstract ( 462 )   PDF (3630KB) ( 193 )   PURPOSE: To compare the effect of serum starvation and culture to confluence on cell cycle synchronization and mineralization of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). METHODS: HDPCs were cultured to 80% and 100% confluence respectively, and then cultured for 24, 48 and 72 hours by culture medium containing 0.5% fetal bovine serum(FBS). Cell cycle of hDPCs were identified by flow cytometry. Then hDPCs cultured by serum starvation for 48h after culturing to 100% confluence were used as the experimental group, and hDPCs cultured to 80% confluence were used as the control group. The expression of alkaline phosphatase(ALP), collagen type Ⅰ(COL-Ⅰ) and osteocalcin(OCN) was detected at gene level; activity of ALPase was detected at protein level. SPSS 13.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: When hDPCs were cultured by serum starvation for 48h after culturing to 100% confluence, cells at G0/G1 stage were more than culture to 100% confluence and serum starvation group (P<0.05). At the genetic level, the expression of COL-Ⅰand OC in the experimental group was not statistically different from that of the control group, but can promote the expression of ALP(P<0.05), and stimulate the secretion of hDPCs at protein level at the same time (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Culture to confluence combined serum starvation can synchronize more hDPCs at G0/G1 stage and promote mineralization of hDPCs. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Mechano-growth factor regulated cyclic stretch-induced osteogenic differentiation and MMP-1, MMP-2 expression in human periodontal ligament cells by activating the MEK/ERK1/2 pathway CHEN Jing-tao, WANG Yan, ZHOU Zhi-fei, WEI Ke-wen 2019, 28 (1):  6-12.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.002 Abstract ( 292 )   PDF (4878KB) ( 223 )   PURPOSE: To explore the role and mechanism of mechano-growth factor (MGF) in cyclic stretch (CS)-induced osteogenic differentiation and MMP-1, MMP-2 expression in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs). METHODS: HPDLCs were isolated and transfected with si-MGF, or stimulated with MGF or MEK/ERK pathway inhibitor U0126. Cells were cultured in Flexercell system with 10% elongation at 0.1 Hz. An alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kit was used to detect ALP activity. QRT-PCR assay was performed to determine the transcript levels of MGF and osteogenic genes, including ALP, runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and osteopontin (OPN). Western bot was used to evaluate the effect on MEK/EKR1/2 signaling. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 19.0 software package. RESULTS: CS induced the expression of MGF in hPDLCs in a time-dependent manner (P<0.05). In contrast to the control group, transfection with si-MGF inhibited the expression of MGF in hPDLCs (P<0.05). Moreover, cessation of MGF dramatically suppressed ALP activity (P<0.05) and the expression of osteogenic gene ALP, Runx2 and OPN (P<0.05) in hPDLCs. Furthermore, down-regulation of MGF restrained the expression of MMP-1 and MMP-2, in contrast to CS group (P<0.05). Conversely, stimulation with MGF further enhanced the effects of CS on osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs and MMP-1, MMP-2 expression (P<0.05). Additionally, MGC silencing abrogated CS-induced expression of p-ERK (P<0.05), which was further enhanced following MGF treatment (P<0.05). Simultaneously, precondition with U0126 antagonized MGF-enhanced effects on CS-triggered osteogenic differentiation and MMP-1, MMP-2 expression (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Mechano-growth factor regulates cyclic stretch-induced osteogenic differentiation and MMP-1, MMP-2 expression in human periodontal ligament cells by activating MEK/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of silencing LASP1 on biological behaviors of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and IC50 of three anti-tumor drugs CHEN Qi, WANG Xu, YU You-cheng, WEI Kui-jie 2019, 28 (1):  13-19.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.003 Abstract ( 354 )   PDF (5497KB) ( 359 )   PURPOSE: This study was designed to investigate the effects of LASP1 on proliferation, metastasis, invasion, and cycle of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells and analyze the changes of IC50 in three antitumor drugs: cisplatin, apatinib and docetaxel. METHODS: The correlation between LASP1 and survival rate and prognosis of patients with head and neck cancer were analyzed on the human protein atlas data. RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein expression of LASP1 in oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines. LASP1 silenced HN30 stable transfectant cell line was constructed by lentivirus. CCK-8 assay was used to detect cell proliferation. Plate colony assay was used to detect cell clone formation ability. Transwell assay was used to detect cell migration and invasion ability. Flow cytometry was used to detect cell cycle changes. Oral squamous cell carcinoma metastases were established in nude mouse, the number of metastatic lung nodules was counted and stained with H-E. CCK-8 method was used to analyze the changes of IC50 in three antitumor drugs: cisplatin, apatinib and docetaxel. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0 software package. RESULTS: LASP1 was closely related to the survival rate and prognosis of head and neck cancer. LASP1 promoted proliferation, colony formation, metastasis and invasion of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line HN30, promoted G2/M phase transition of cell cycle, and significantly reduced the formation of lung metastasis in nude mice after silencing. There was significant correlation with docetaxel IC50 but no significant impact on cisplatin IC50 and aptatinib IC50. CONCLUSIONS: LASP1 enhances cell proliferation, plate cloning, metastasis and invasion, G2/M phase transition of cell cycle, promotes lung metastasis in nude mice and docetaxel resistance of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line HN30. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effects of salinomycin on proliferative, migratory and invasive property of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells in vitro CHEN Jie, JI Ping, SU Lei-zhen, LI Xian 2019, 28 (1):  20-24.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.004 Abstract ( 351 )   PDF (4004KB) ( 238 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effects of salinomycin on proliferative, migratory and invasive properties of tongue squamous cell carcinoma cells, and to explore its possible mechanism. METHODS: CCK8 assay was used to detect the effect of salicamycin and cisplatin on proliferative abilities of CAL-27 cells and EA.hy926 cells. The invasive and migratory ability was detected by Transwell assay. The protein expressions of E-cadherin, vimentin and β-catenin was evaluated by Western blot. SPSS20.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Salicamycin can effectively inhibit proliferation of CAL-27 cells, and the inhibitive ability of salicamycin on the proliferation was stronger than that of cisplatin. CAL-27 cells were treated by salinomycin (4 μmol/L) before invasive and migratory abilities were examined. Compared with control group, the number of invasive and migratory cells in the salinomycin-treated group was significantly decreased (P<0.05). Western blot analysis showed that the protein expression of vimentin and β-catenin was significantly down-regulated. The expression of E-cadherin was significantly increased with the increase of salicamycin concentration. CONCLUSIONS: The proliferative, invasive and migratory ability of CAL-27 cells can be inhibited by salinomycin, which may be related to the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transitions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of mechanical properties of three machinable resin ceramic composite materials LIU Li-yang, GUO Jia-jie, DU Ya-xin, WANG Qiang, QIU Li-hong 2019, 28 (1):  25-29.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.005 Abstract ( 417 )   PDF (3911KB) ( 320 )   PURPOSE: This in vitro study was to compare the flexural properties, fracture toughness and hardness of three machinable composite materials. METHODS: Three kinds of resin composite ceramic Upcera Hyramic, 3M Lava Ultimate, Vita Enamic and a glass ceramic Vitablocs Mark II were chosen for the study. Bar-shaped specimens (16 mm×4 mm×1 mm, 2 mm) were prepared for flexural strength experiment; specimens (17 mm×4 mm×3 mm) were prepared for fracture toughness experiment and specimens of 4 mm thickness were prepared for hardness test. Flexural test and fracture toughness experiment were performed with an universal testing machine at a cross-head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Hardness test was performed with an micro hardness tester .Scanning electron microscope was used to observe the roughness of fracture surface. One-way variance analysis was used to determine the statistical differences with SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: The mean flexural strength of the tested blocks at 1 mm thickness was Hyramic（207.7515±13.12）MPa>Vita Enamic（182.0286±15.18）MPa>Lava Ultimate（145.8469±8.98）MPa>Vitablocs MarkⅡ（103.0542±18.19）MPa. The mean flexural modulus were Vitablocs MarkⅡ（49.49±5.50）GPa>Vita Enamic（40.65±3.80）GPa>Hyramic（14.89±2.38）GPa>Lava Ultimate（7.09±1.24）GPa. The mean flexural strength of the tested blocks at 2 mm thickness was Hyramic（208.1986±25.07）MPa>Lava Ultimate（172.9297±12.73）MPa>Vitablocs MarkⅡ（158.6587±15.37） MPa>Vita Enamic（155.3670±13.77）MPa. The mean flexural modulus were Vitablocs MarkⅡ（24.07±1.86）GPa>Vita Enamic（19.64±0.98）GPa>Hyramic（10.35±0.87）GPa>Lava Ultimate（8.68±0.86）GPa. The mean fracture toughness was Vita Enamic（1.6357±0.16）MPa·m1/2>Lava Ultimate（1.4286±0.11）MPa·m1/2>Vitablocs MarkII（1.3233±0.10）MPa·m1/2>Hyramic（1.0614±0.09）MPa·m1/2. The hardness of the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group. CONCLUSIONS: According to ISO 6872/2008, three kinds of machinable resin ceramic composites meet the needs of clinical strength.Hyramic showed higher flexural strength at different thickness, it is an ideal material for dental restoration. Vita Enamic has not only higher flexural strength at the thickness of 1 mm, but also good toughness, it is suitable for repair of patients that have limited occlusal space and great bite force, named occlusal veneer. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of oral administration of icariin on periodontitis associated alveolar bone resorption in an osteoporosis mouse model YANG Wei, ZHAO Pin, TAO Mei-ling, LUO Yuan 2019, 28 (1):  30-35.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.006 Abstract ( 376 )   PDF (4614KB) ( 268 )   PURPOSE: To study the effect of oral administration of icariin (ICA) on periodontitis associated alveolar bone resorption in an osteoporosis mouse model. METHODS: Three-month old, female C57BL/6J mice were randomly divided into 3 groups: normal group (SHAM), ovariectomy + oral smearing of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) + icariin group (OVX+Pg+ICA), ovariectomy+ Pg group (OVX+Pg). On the second week, the mice underwent ovariectomy to induce osteoporosis. On the fourth week, the mice were treated with Pg by oral smearing for 1 week, 1 time/day. The samples were harvested on the 12th week: the left mandibles were harvested to make the sections and histological staining, to analyze the differences of bone resorption areas among the three groups; the right mandibles were harvested for methylene blue staining, to analyze the differences of bone resorption depth among the three groups. Protein from the periodontal tissues were extracted to analyze the differences of osteoblastic related protein expression level among the three groups. SPSS 16.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Histological analysis of murine femurs and periodontal tissues demonstrated that the model of periodontitis in osteoporosis mice was successfully created in this study. Quantification of the histological staining showed that compared with OVX+Pg group, icariin treatment decreased the depth of CEJ-ABC and the areas of alveolar bone resorption(P<0.05); Western blot results showed icariin treatment could significantly increase the protein expression level of Runx2, OSX, OCN and OPN in periodontal tissues(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Icariin treatment can effectively prevent both bone loss in osteoporosis and alveolar bone resorption induced by periodontitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of transverse dental compensation of camouflaged treatment in adult skeletal Class Ⅲ patients with width discrepancy using cone-beam CT GU Yan, WANG Hua, WANG Lin 2019, 28 (1):  36-40.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.007 Abstract ( 334 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of buccolingual inclination and width of molars and their alveolar ridge height in skeletal Class III patients with width discrepancy by camouflaged treatment using cone-beam CT (CBCT). METHODS: Sixteen adult patients (5 males, 11 females) with mild to moderate skeletal Class III were treated with camouflaged method in the Department of Orthodontics, Affiliated Hospital of Stomatology, Nanjing Medical University from 2014 to 2015. CBCT scans were performed before and after treatment. Dicom data were calibrated and reconstructed using the software Simplant 16.0. Fifty-nine landmarks and two reference planes were located and measured in three coordinated dimensions. The data was processed using SPSS 17.0 software package. RESULTS: The buccolingual inclination of the maxillary first and second molars were increased, while the mandibular ones were decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.05). The inter-molar width was increased in the upper arch while decreased in the lower arch. The buccal alveolar ridge height of maxillary molars was decreased significantly (P<0.05). No significant difference of alveolar ridge height was found in the lingual side of maxillary molars or either side of mandibular molars. CONCLUSIONS: Camouflaged treatment deteriorated the transverse compensation in skeletal Class Ⅲ patients with width discrepancy, accompanied with maxillary buccal alveolar bone resorption. When camouflaged treatment is planned, the potential of molar compensation in transverse dimension should be clearly defined. Appropriate pre-adjusted appliance or surgery- assisted expansion should be considered to avoid periodontal risks. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative study of alveolar bone remodeling around the upper incisor area after Twin-block and high-pull headgear-activator functional orthopedic therapy XU Juan, QIU Liang-xing, REN Ai-shu, ZHANG Lin, YANG Hong-mei, WANG Hua-qiao 2019, 28 (1):  41-47.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.008 Abstract ( 1170 )   PDF (5372KB) ( 380 )   PURPOSE: The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the changes of alveolar bone morphology around the upper incisors before and after functional treatment in adolescents using cone-beam CT(CBCT). METHODS: Thirty patients with skeletal Class II mandibular retrusion who were successfully treated with high-pull headgear-activator(HGAC) and Twin-block were selected and divided into 2 groups (HGAC and Twin-block groups), 15 in each group. CBCT was performed before and after treatment, to observe upper incisor movement in the alveolar bone and alveolar bone remodeling. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 20.0 software package to analyze the changes of alveolar bone thickness, angle of central incisor and alveolar bone before and after treatment. RESULTS: Horizontally, the edge of the maxillary incisor appeared lingual movement in both groups, while the root apex appeared lingual movement in HGAC group and labial movement in Twin-block group. Vertically, the edge of the maxillary incisor was moved down and the root apex was moved up in all patients, whereas the moving distance was less in the edge and larger in the root apex in HGAC group. The thicknesses of major areas in the alveolar bone significantly increased in HGAC group, while in Twin-block group the labial thickness of the alveolar bone showed significant decrease and the palatal thickness showed significant increase. Moreover, the total thickness of the alveolar bone showed significant increase in both groups, yet Twin-block group showed more increase, and the angle of the alveolar bone showed more decrease in HGAC group. CONCLUSIONS: Both functional appliances can cause positive alveolar bone remodeling in maxillary incisor area. HGAC can achieve a controlled tilt inward movement of the maxillary incisors, intrude the incisors to a certain extent, and allow certain change in the bending angle of the incisor alveolar bone at the same time, which is conducive to improving ClassⅡcraniofacial pattern. Twin-block can tilt the maxillary incisor inward, suggesting that more attention needs to be paid to the control of the torque of the incisor when retracting anterior teeth in fixed orthodontic treatment after Twin-block functional treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of fluoride varnish Duraphat in preventing deciduous dental caries in preschool children SU Hong-ru, YANG Ren-ren, QIAN Wen-hao, YU Jin-ming 2019, 28 (1):  48-42.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.009 Abstract ( 1266 )   PDF (3958KB) ( 349 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of fluoride varnish Duraphat on preventing caries of primary teeth caries, and provide scientific basis for the establishment of oral health care. METHODS: 1140 preschool children aged 3~4 years old were chosen from 25 public kindergartens in Xuhui district of Shanghai by cluster sampling method, they were divided into 2 groups on a voluntary basis with the informed consent of the child's parents. 762 preschool children in Fluoride Varnish group were taken oral examination and used fluoride varnishes every 6 months, 378 preschool children in the control group were without treatment. Oral health instruction was given to all the children. The data of caries prevalence, mean dmft, caries incidence and mean increments of dmft (decayed, missing and filled teeth) of 2 groups were compared. The results were analyzed using SAS 9.4 software package. RESULTS: After 2 years, caries prevalence, mean dmft, caries incidence and mean increments of dmft of fluoride varnish groups were lower than those of control group and the difference was statistically significant (P<; 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Fluoride varnish Duraphat is effective in decreasing caries incidence and mean dmft increments of primary teeth in preschool children and is worthy to be used widely in Xuhui district. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Case-control study on risk factors of recurrent aphthous ulcer LIN Qi, XIE Yun-de, XIE Qing-qi, ZHENG Xin, CUI Xiao-wei, LAI Fu-xuan, ZHANG Zhi-xing, MA Zhong-xiong 2019, 28 (1):  53-56.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.010 Abstract ( 445 )   PDF (2881KB) ( 399 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the risk factors for the occurrence of recurrent aphthous ulcer (RAU) in Fuzhou city by case-control study. METHODS: A questionnaire survey of 113 patients with RAU and 102 non-RAU patients in the same hospital was made, including 58 items. Chi-square test and conditional logistic regression were used for monovariate and multivariate analysis respectively with SPSS23.0 software package. RESULTS: One-way Chi-square test showed that immigrants, genetic factors, gastrointestinal disorders, menstrual period, oral health status, anxiety were related factors for patients suffering from RAU. Conditional logistic regression analysis indicated that genetic factors as well as more dental calculus in the oral cavity were RAU risk factors. Tendency Chi-square test revealed that there was a negative correlation between the occurrence of RAU and vegetable intake, and a positive correlation with the amount of dental calculus and soft scale in the oral cavity. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of RAU is the result of combination of "multiple factors" in the digestive system, genetic system, immune system and oral microenvironment. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on DNA methylation profiles in non-syndromic cleft lip/palate based on bioinformatics ZHAO An-da, HUANG Yi-jing, ZHANG Hai-feng, TANG Wen, ZHANG Mei-fang 2019, 28 (1):  57-62.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.011 Abstract ( 363 )   PDF (4120KB) ( 294 )   PURPOSE: To study DNA methylation patterns of non-syndromic cleft lip/palate(NSCL/P) using bioinformatic methods, including methylated positions and regions. METHODS: Whole blood DNA methylation data of NSCL/P samples was download from Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO) database, including 67 NSCL/P cases and 59 controls without birth defects. Data analysis included ①data cleaning, such as probes filtering, quality control and normalization; ②differential methylation analysis, including methylated positions and regions; ③Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis on differential methylated genes. R 3.4.3 software was used for data cleaning, differential methylated positions and regions analysis. DAVID6.8 tool was used for GO and KEGG analysis. RESULTS: 814 differential methylated positions were detected (adjusted P<0.001,|Δβ|>0.125）, of which 178 were hypermethylated in NSCL/P patients, and 636 were hypomethylated. In addition, 386 differential methylated regions were identified (P<0.05), of which 204 were hypermethylation regions and 182 were hypomethylation regions. GO analysis showed that 38 differential methylated genes were involved in 7 kinds of biological processes, 163 differential methylated genes were involved in 3 kinds of molecular functions, and 114 differential methylated genes were involved in 3 kinds of cellular components (P<0.01). KEGG analysis showed that 59 differential methylated genes were involved in 9 kinds of signal pathways. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormal DNA methylation patterns of NSCL/P might be an important epigenetic mechanism affecting the development of NSCL/P. This study might contribute to the identification of identification of biomarkers and targeted interventions of NSCL/P. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of photodynamic therapy on interleukin in gingival crevicular fluid from patients receiving oral implantation ZHOU Lin-yi, ZHANG Chu-nan, GU Ying-xin, LAI Hong-chang 2019, 28 (1):  63-66.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.012 Abstract ( 353 )   PDF (3169KB) ( 316 )   PURPOSE: Photodynamic therapy (PDT) has been applied in treatment of peri-implantitis for its antimicrobial effects. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a Denfotex PAD Light System's photodynamic therapy on prevention of peri-implantitis. METHODS: Twenty patients with implants in molar area were treated with photoactivated disinfection right after completion of suprastructures. The irradiation time was 30 seconds for mesial, distal, buccal and lingual/palatal sites respectively at a power output of 100mW. Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) samples from these patients were obtained before photodynamic treatment, 2 weeks and 3 months after treatment. GCF was collected using paper points, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was performed to determine the cytokine (IL-1β, ΤΝF-α, IL-6 and ΙL-17) levels. The data were analyzed with SPSS 23.0 software package. RESULTS: ELISA showed IL-1β and ΤΝF-α levels of all patients were decreased 2 weeks and 3 months after treatment. Reduction of IL-1β, ΤΝF-α, IL-6 and IL-17 from 2 weeks to 3 months and from baseline to 3 months all showed a significant difference (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Denfotex PADTM light system is effective in reducing peri-implant inflammatory mediators and can work as an effective treatment to prevent peri-implantitis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Long non-coding RNA PCAT-1 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma and its clinical significance YANG Zong-cheng, HUANG Hai-yan, XU Xin 2019, 28 (1):  67-70.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.013 Abstract ( 358 )   PDF (2863KB) ( 246 )   PURPOSE: To investigate the correlation between the expression of lncRNA PCAT-1 and clinicopathological features of oral squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS: In this study, 112 oral tissue specimens, including 60 oral squamous cell carcinoma, and 52 non-cancer oral tissues were collected from Department of Stomatology in Anhui Provincial Hospital during 2013 to 2016. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-PCR) was performed to detect the expression of PCAT-1 and c-Myc. The correlation between the levels of PCAT-1 and clinical features (age, gender, high risk habit, histological stage, cervical lymphatic metastasis, differentiation) were analyzed. Graphpad Prism 7.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Significant different levels of PCAT-1 were found between the high risk habit (alcohol and tobacco) group and low risk habit group, between patients with cervical lymphnode metastasis and patients without cervical lymphnode metastasis. The expression of PCAT-1 and c-Myc were up-regulated in OSCC, and there were positive correlation between the expression of PCAT-1 and c-Myc; up-regulated expression of PCAT-1 may be associated with higher morbidity of OSCC. CONCLUSIONS: PCAT-1 is overexpressed in oral squamous cell carcinoma and is associated with higher morbidity of OSCC. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Bone regeneration effect of injectable-platelet rich fibrin (I-PRF) in lateral sinus lift: a pilot study XIE Hui, XIE Yong-fu, LIU Qin, SHANG Ling-yan, CHEN Min-zhen 2019, 28 (1):  71-75.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.014 Abstract ( 647 )   PDF (3675KB) ( 665 )   PURPOSE: The aim of the present research was to evaluate the regeneration effect of injectable-platelet rich fibrin (I-PRF) in lateral sinus lift. METHODS: A total of 46 cases, who lost their single posterior tooth with residual bone height of 3-5 mm, who needed lateral sinus lift, were treated in our hospital for implantation from June 2014 to Jun 2015. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. In group A, Bio-oss was used as a sole grafting material to fill the sinus; in group B, Bio-oss was used in combination with I-PRF to fill the sinus. Cone-beam CT (CBCT) was taken preoperatively, the residual bone height (RBH) was measured. The new formed bone height (NFBH) was measured immediately, 6 months and 12 months after surgery. ISQ values of implants were taken 4 months, 6 months postoperatively. SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: All cases achieved primary healing, no infection or dehiscence was found. No significant difference of the RBH and NFBH was found between pre-operation or 12 months postoperatively, while significant difference was found immediately and 6 months postoperatively. The value of ISQ in group A was significantly higher than that in group B at 4 months(P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between 2 groups 6 months after operation(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: I-PRF is a safe and reliable material in sinus lift, which can effectively shorten the healing time and enhance the effect of osteogenesis. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical evaluation of modified free gingival transplantation technique HU Lin-chi, HUANG Wen-mian, WANG Ren-fei 2019, 28 (1):  76-80.  doi: 10.19438/j.sjos.2019.01.015 Abstract ( 1139 )   PDF (3736KB) ( 309 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effect of modified free gingival graft technique of the peri-implant. METHODS: There were 42 mandibular posterior area implant sites in 36 patients. The width of the keratinized gingiva at the midpoint of buccal gingival margin was less than 2 mm after implantation. Two months before restoration, modified free gingival graft technique was used, i.e. the donor site was treated with individualized palatal protective plate and the recipient site was treated with individualized graft pressure plate. The survival of the graft after operation was observed. The width of buccal keratinized gingiva was measured immediately, 2, 6, 12 months after operation. Visual analogue scale (VAS) was used to record postoperative pain of the patient 1, 3, 6 days after operation. SPSS 25.0 software package was used for t test and one-way variance analysis. RESULTS: All 42 implant sites survived. The average width of buccal keratinized gingiva of the preoperative implants was (0.39 ±0.41) mm and (4.17±0.43) mm 12 months, postoperatively; the average increase was (3.78±0.21) mm compared with preoperative measurement. The average shrinkage was (1.12±0.12) mm. CONCLUSIONS: Modified free gingival graft technique can effectively increase the width of buccal keratinized gingiva of the implants, with minimal shrinkage of the graft 1 year after operation without significant pain after operation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Clinical Reports

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Clinical evaluation of prosthesis-like applicators with radioactive seeds for treatment of eleven palatal glandular malignancies MENG Qing-fei, MENG Jian 2019, 28 (1):  81-84.  doi: 10.19438/j.sjos.2019.01.016 Abstract ( 503 )   PDF (3266KB) ( 226 )   PRUPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of prosthesis-like applicators with radioactive seeds in treatment of palatal glandular malignancy. METHODS: Eleven patients with palatal glandular malignant tumors were treated with surgical resection and postoperative 125I radioactive seed brachytherapy. After resection of the palatal tumors, a prosthesis denture was fabricated for each patient. According to the design of treatment plan system, several 125I radioactive seeds were embedded in the tissue surface of the prosthesis at the same time. All the patients were followed-up for 6 to 24 months and the results were evaluated. SPSS 21.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Eleven patients could wear prosthesis-like applicators all the time and neither tumor recurrence nor metastasis were found around the target area during the follow-up period. Furthermore, significant improvement was shown in terms of speech, mastication and facial appearance for all patients after prosthesis-like applicator restorations. CONCLUSIONS: For patients with palatal glandular malignant tumors, prosthesis-like applicators with 125I radioactive seed brachytherapy may be effective for preventing recurrence and metastasis of the malignancies and improving the patients' quality of life. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical evaluation for coronectomy of the impacted mandibular third molars in close proximity to inferior alveolar nerve WU Xing-chen, LI Ying, ZHAO Jun-jun 2019, 28 (1):  85-88.  doi: 10.19438/j.sjos.2019.01.017 Abstract ( 448 )   PDF (2915KB) ( 359 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the outcome of coronectomy for management of impacted mandibular third molars in close proximity to inferior alveolar nerve (IAN). METHODS: Ten patients with impacted mandibular third molars which approached or was close to the inferior alveolar nerve diagnosed on panoramic film and cone-beam CT (CBCT) scan were included in the study. Coronectomy was conducted at the cemento-enamel junction, leaving the roots below the alveolar crest and primary closure was performed. After the root apex was pushed away from the inferior alveolar nerve, the impacted lower third molar was then removed. RESULTS: Ten patients had little post-operative pain and swelling, none of them had IAN injury or infection. Only 1 patient was failed to move the roots away from IAN and the roots were left in the alveolar socket, but without any symptoms and side effects during 1 year of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Coronectomy is effective in controlling inferior alveolar nerve injury following third molar surgery in radiographically evaluated high risk cases and it has very low incidence of complications. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of orthodontic device in restoring teeth space in children WANG Sun, HUANG Jing, CHENG Xiao- min, LI Xiao-xin 2019, 28 (1):  89-92.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.018 Abstract ( 250 )   PDF (2840KB) ( 245 )   PURPOSE: To assess the effect of removable and fixed orthodontic device in restoring teeth space loss in children. METHODS: Removable or fixed orthodontic device was used randomly to restore teeth space loss in 25 children, the advantages and disadvantages between the two methods were compared. SPSS 22 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: Among 25 cases, 2 had deciduous dentition and 23 had mixed dentition, removable and fixed orthodontic device was used in 13 and 12 cases, respectively. Finally 18 cases achieved success, 3 cases were improved and 4 were failed. Fisher's exact test was used to compare the success rates of active and local fixed appliance to enlarge interdental space. The success cases of active and fixed appliance were 9, respectively. There was no significant difference between the two methods (P=0.68). Within these cases, the fastest restoring time was 3 months and the slowest restoring time was 11 months. CONCLUSIONS: It is an ideal method to restore teeth space with removable or fixed orthodontic device. It is a simple, fast and economic method for early orthodontic treatment for children. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Efficacy of subgingival glycine air polishing on the treatment of moderate-mild peri-implantitis JIANG Yong, TONG Xin 2019, 28 (1):  93-96.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.019 Abstract ( 449 )   PDF (2945KB) ( 336 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of subgingival glycine air polishing (GPAP) in the treatment of moderate-mild peri-implantitis. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with peri-implantitis were randomly recruited according to the inclusion and the exclusion criteria. They were divided into conventional scaling treatment group and GPAP treatment group. Periodontal clinical indicators were recorded before treatment(baseline level) and 6 months after treatment. The indicators included modified plaque index (mPLI), bleeding on probing (BOP), modified sulcus bleeding index (mSBI), probing pocket depth (PPD) and attachment level (AL). A periodontal probe (PCP 12) was used for all examinations. SPSS 21.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: At the baseline level, clinical periodontal parameters were similar between the experimental group and the control group. Six months after treatment, the overall clinical periodontal index was below the baseline, with significant difference (P<0.05) compared with the baseline and between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: GPAP can improve the efficacy and comfort during treatment of moderate-mild peri-implantitis. However, this improvement may just be short-term, and the long-term efficacy may need a long-term follow-up of larger samples. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical and imaging features of 36 odontogenic keratocysts associated with an impacted tooth JIANG Zhong-jun, ZHONG Wen-qun, ZHAO Yi, LIU Bing 2019, 28 (1):  97-99.  doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2019.01.020 Abstract ( 954 )   PDF (2558KB) ( 344 )   PURPOSE: To analyse the imaging features of odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) associated with an impacted tooth. METHODS: Clinical and radiological data of 235 cases with OKCs were respectively investigated, with emphasis on imaging features of 36 OKCs, which were associated with an unerupted tooth. RESULTS: In 36 cases of OKCs associated with an impacted tooth, the ratio of male to female was 1.77:1, and molar-ramus was involved in 26 cases (72.22%). OKCs in association with an unerupted tooth occurred mostly in patients ranging from 20 to 30 years (19 cases, 52.8%). There were 27 cases (75%) of unilocular and 9 cases (25%) multilocualr radiolucency. Thirteen cases (36.11%) were related to the crown of the impacted teeth, and the unerupted teeth also were impacted as a result of malposition in which the entire teeth appeared to be enveloped by cysts (15 cases, 41.67%), or adjacent to cyst wall (8 cases, 22.22%). CONCLUSIONS: Radiographically, one of the most imaging features of OKCs in association with an unerupted tooth is that its entire tooth appears to be enveloped by cyst or adjacent to cyst, while pericoronal radiolucencies surrounding an impacted tooth are rarely seen. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Systemic Review

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The sedative effect of dexmedetomidine in outpatient undergoing dental surgery compared to several sedative drugs:a meta analysis MENG Qiu-yu, HUANG Hui-min, XU Hui 2019, 28 (1):  100-109.  doi: 10.19438/j.sjos.2019.01.021 Abstract ( 293 )   PDF (7799KB) ( 164 )   PURPOSE: To evaluate the efficacy of dexmedetomidine and midazolam, ketamine or placebo administrated in outpatient dental surgery. METHODS: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched from inception to October 2017,to find all randomized controlled trials(RCTs) about the sedative effect of dexmedetomidine versus midazolam, ketamine or placebo during outpatient dental surgery. The quality of the studies was evaluated by the method recommended by Cochrane collaboration. Meta analysis was conducted using Review Manager 5.3 software. RESULTS: Twelve clinical trials with 678 patients were included. The results of meta analysis showed that the sedation score of children was lower in group of dexmedetomidine than that of group of normal saline (SMD=-1.73,95%CI:-2.70~-0.77,P=0.0004) and the sedation score of adults was also lower in group of dexmedetomidine than that of group of normal saline(SMD=-2.23,95%CI:-4.39~-0.08,P=0.04).There was no significant difference in sedation satisfaction of children between dexmedetomidine and ketamine(RR=1.14,95%CI:1.00-1.30,P=0.05).Dexmedetomidine provided more satisfactory sedation of children than midazolam(RR=1.38,95%CI:1.15-1.67,P=0.0006),and there was no significant difference in sedation satisfaction of adults between dexmedetomidine and midazolam (RR=1.42,95%CI:0.86-2.33,P=0.17). Moreover,dexmedetomidine provided more satisfactory behavior of children than ketamine (RR=1.19,95%CI:1.03-1.36,P=0.01) and midazolam (RR=1.28,95%CI:1.07-1.54,P=0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Compared with other sedative drugs, dexmedetomidine may be a better choice for moderate sedation during outpatient dental surgery. References | Related Articles | Metrics

Case Reports

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A case report of multiple dentigerous cyst of mandible and review of literature HU Ning-ning, LI Yi-ying, WANG Jun-wei, HOU Zhi-jun, YANG Xue-cai 2019, 28 (1):  110-112.  doi: 10.19438/j.sjos.2019.01.022 Abstract ( 1021 )   PDF (2142KB) ( 368 )   Dentigerous cyst belongs to one kind of odontogenic cysts, and is also known as follicular cyst. After the formation of the crown or root of the tooth, liquid exudates between the residual enamel epithelium and the crown surface to form odontogenic cysts. Multiple odontogenic cysts are rare in the oral and maxillofacial regions, especially in different areas of the jaw. In this paper, we reported case with multiple odontogenic cysts and discussed its etiology,pathological classification,differential diagnosis and treatment. References | Related Articles | Metrics