新疆地区汉族和维吾尔族腭侧咀嚼黏膜厚度对比量化分析

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2025.03.017

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 应用CBCT测量和比较新疆地区汉族与维吾尔族牙周健康人群上颌尖牙至第二磨牙区腭侧咀嚼黏膜厚度,分析其相关影响因素。方法: 从新疆医科大学第一附属医院口腔门诊筛选汉族与维吾尔族各48例牙周健康受检者的CBCT资料,在龈缘距离3、6、9、12 mm处测量上颌双侧尖牙至第二磨牙区腭侧咀嚼黏膜厚度、腭穹隆高度和宽度以及腭大孔分布位置。结果: 汉族受检者腭侧平均黏膜厚度、各牙位在距龈缘3、6、9、12 mm处、不同腭穹隆解剖形态及不同年龄组平均黏膜厚度与维吾尔族受检者差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,腭大孔分布位置则无显著差异（P>0.05）;但汉族人群黏膜厚度与年龄、性别及腭穹隆高宽比等相关因素的关联性更紧密,两民族总体变化趋势相似。①从距龈缘3~12 mm处,黏膜厚度在尖牙至第二前磨牙区先增后减,在第一磨牙区先减后增,在第二磨牙区持续性增长;②尖牙、第一前磨牙和第一磨牙区黏膜厚度受年龄与腭穹隆解剖形态影响,第二前磨牙区受年龄影响,第二磨牙区受腭穹隆解剖形态影响;③腭大孔多位于第二磨牙远中区,且腭大孔到腭中缝的距离高腭穹隆组与低腭穹隆组相比更小（P<0.05）。结论: 自体结缔组织移植术中,维、汉两民族最合适供区区域均是上颌第一、二前磨牙区龈缘距离3~9 mm处的腭侧咀嚼黏膜区。

关键词: 锥形束CT, 腭侧咀嚼黏膜, 黏膜厚度, 自体软组织移植

Abstract: PURPOSE: To measure and compare the palatal masticatory mucosal thickness from maxillary canine to the second molar region of Han and Uygur periodontally healthy people in Xinjiang area by using CBCT, and to analyze the related factors. METHODS: CBCT images of 48 periodontally healthy subjects in each nationality were selected from the Dental Clinic of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The thickness of the palatal masticatory mucosa, the height and width of the palatine fornices, and the location of the greater palatine foramen were measured at the distance of 3, 6, 9 and 12 mm from the gingival margin. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the average palatal mucosal thickness at the distance of 3, 6, 9 and 12 mm from the gingival margin, different anatomical shapes of the palatine fornices and different age groups between Han and Uygur(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the distribution of the greater palatine foramen between Han and Uygur(P>0.05). However, the correlation between mucosal thickness and related factors in Han population was closer. The general trend was similar between the two groups: ①from 3mm to 12mm from the gingival margin, the mucosal thickness first increased and then decreased from the canine to the second premolar, decreased first and then increased from the first molar, and continued to increase from the second molar; ②the mucosal thickness of canine, first premolar and first molar was affected by age and the anatomical morphology of palatine fornix. The mucosal thickness of second premolar was affected by age, and the mucosal thickness of second molar was affected by the anatomical morphology of palatine fornix; ③the greater palatal foramen was mostly located in the distal region of the second molar, and the distance from the greater palatal foramen to the midpalatal suture was smaller in the HFT group than in the LFT group(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The most suitable donor site for autologous connective tissue transplantation in both nationalities is the palatal masticatory mucosa when the distance between the gingival margin of the maxillary first and second premolars is 3-9 mm.

Key words: CBCT, Palatal masticatory mucosa, Mucosal thickness, Autologous soft tissue graft

中图分类号:

R781

依帕拉木·吐拉江, 马婷, 买买提·牙森. 新疆地区汉族和维吾尔族腭侧咀嚼黏膜厚度对比量化分析[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2025, 34(3): 318-325.

Yipalamu·Tulajiang, Ma Ting, Maimaiti·Yasen. Comparative quantitative analysis of palatal masticatory mucosal thickness between Han and Uygur in Xinjiang area[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2025, 34(3): 318-325.

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