成年女性上颌前牙美学区牙列拥挤度与基骨形态、牙弓和牙槽弓形态关系分析

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2025.01.006

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 应用CBCT测定并分析成年女性上颌前牙美学区牙列拥挤度与基骨形态、牙弓和牙槽弓形态的关系。方法: 回顾性分析2019年12月—2022年12月青岛大学附属青岛市海慈医院收治的122例上颌前牙美学区牙列拥挤的成年女性患者的病例资料,根据牙列拥挤度分为Ⅰ度拥挤组（上颌牙列拥挤度≤4 mm,n=62）和Ⅱ度拥挤组（上颌牙列拥挤度4~8 mm,n=60）。比较2组基骨、牙弓、牙槽弓长度和宽度,分析牙列拥挤度与基骨形态、牙弓和牙槽弓形态的相关性。采用SPSS 26.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: Ⅰ度拥挤组患者上颌基骨长度、下颌基骨长度、根尖和根分叉处上颌基骨宽度、根尖和根分叉处下颌基骨宽度显著高于Ⅱ度拥挤组（P<0.05）,前段和后段上颌牙弓长度、下颌牙弓长度、上颌牙弓宽度、下颌牙弓宽度显著高于Ⅱ度拥挤组（P<0.05）,上颌牙槽弓长度、下颌牙槽弓长度显著高于Ⅱ度拥挤组（P<0.05）。2组患者上颌牙槽弓宽度、下颌牙槽弓宽度相比,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。牙列拥挤度与上颌基骨长度、下颌基骨长度、根分叉处上颌基骨宽度和下颌基骨宽度、前段上颌牙弓宽度和下颌牙弓宽度呈负相关（P<0.05）。上颌基骨长度（OR=0.283,95%CI：0.128~0.625）、根分叉处上颌基骨宽度（OR=0.182,95%CI：0.083~0.402）、前段上颌牙弓宽度（OR=0.347,95%CI：0.158~0.766）和下颌牙弓宽度（OR=0.304,95%CI：0.137~0.669）是成年女性上颌前牙美学区牙列拥挤的影响因素（P<0.05）。结论: 基骨、牙弓及牙槽弓减小与成年女性上颌前牙美学区牙列拥挤有关。

关键词: 牙列拥挤, 锥形束CT, 成年女性, 基骨, 牙弓, 牙槽弓

Abstract: PURPOSE: CBCT was used to measure and analyze the relationship between dental crowding degree and basal bone morphology, dental arch and alveolar arch morphology in adult female maxillary anterior teeth. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the medical records of 122 adult female patients with maxillary anterior dental arch crowding who received orthodontic treatment at Qingdao Haici Hospital, Affiliated to Qingdao University, from December 2019 to December 2022. The patients were divided into two groups based on the degree of dental arch crowding: group I(mild crowding,maxillary dentition crowding degree ≤ 4 mm, n=62) and group II(moderate to severe crowding,maxillary dentition crowding degree 4-8 mm, n=60). The lengths and widths of the alveolar bones, dental arches and alveolar arches were compared between the two groups. The correlation between dental arch crowding and alveolar bone morphology, dental arch and alveolar arch morphology was analyzed. SPSS 26.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: In group I (mild crowding), the maxillary basal bone length, mandibular basal bone length, maxillary basal bone width at the root apex and root bifurcation,mandibular basal bone width at the root apex and root bifurcation were significantly higher than group II(P<0.05). The maxillary dental arch length, mandibular dental arch length, maxillary dental arch width,mandibular dental arch width on the mesial and distal sides were significantly higher in group I than group II(P<0.05). The maxillary alveolar arch length and mandibular alveolar arch length in group I were significantly higher than group II (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in maxillary alveolar arch width and mandibular alveolar arch width between the two groups(P>0.05). The crowding degree of the dental arch was negatively correlated with the length of the maxillary and mandibular bases, the width of the maxillary and mandibular bases at the root bifurcation,and the width of the proximal maxillary and mandibular arches(P<0.05). The length of the maxillary base bone(OR=0.283, 95% CI: 0.128-0.625), the width of the maxillary base bone at the root bifurcation (OR=0.182, 95%CI: 0.083-0.402), the width of the proximal maxillary arch (OR=0.347, 95%CI: 0.158-0.766) and the width of the mandibular arch(OR=0.304, 95% CI: 0.137-0.669) were the influencing factors of dental congestion in the aesthetic area of adult female maxillary anterior teeth(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The reduction of basal bone, dental arch and alveolar arch are associated with crowded dentition in the maxillary anterior aesthetic zone of adult females.

Key words: Dental crowding, Cone beam CT, Adult female, Basal bone, Dental arch, Alveolar arch

中图分类号:

R783.5

束传亮, 江煜, 蔡佳. 成年女性上颌前牙美学区牙列拥挤度与基骨形态、牙弓和牙槽弓形态关系分析[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2025, 34(1): 32-37.

SHU Chuan-liang, JIANG Yu, CAI Jia. Relationship between maxillary anterior dental arch crowding and alveolar bone morphology, dental arch and alveolar arch morphology in adult females[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2025, 34(1): 32-37.

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