不同牙科金属材料致敏性的比较

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 比较分析牙科金属材料的致敏性, 为今后科学选择牙科金属材料提供指导。方法: 对92例口腔内含金属修复体的受试者进行斑贴试验。采用SPSS 17.0软件包对相关数据进行Pearsonχ2检验、校正的χ2检验和Fisher确切概率检验。结果: ①不同金属材料的过敏率不同, 镍(Ni)的过敏率最高22.8%, 铝(Al)的过敏率为0。②对钯(Pd)和镍(Ni)过敏者中, 女性多于男性, 差异具有显著性(P<0.05)。③女性中, 穿耳者镍(Ni)的阳性率较高, 但穿耳与镍(Ni)过敏无相关关系(P>0.05)。④钯(Pd)和镍(Ni)之间存在交叉过敏, 对钯(Pd)过敏者中, 83.3%对镍(Ni)过敏;对镍(Ni)过敏者中, 47.6%对钯(Pd)过敏。⑤斑贴试验可出现迟发反应。结论: 牙科金属材料具有一定的过敏率, 女性对钯(Pd)和镍(Ni)的过敏率显著高于男性。斑贴试验可出现迟发反应, 必要时可观察96 h、7 d甚至更长时间的结果, 以排除假阴性。

关键词: 牙科金属材料, 斑贴试验, 过敏反应

Abstract: PURPOSE: To compare the sensitivity of different dental metal materials, in order to provide references for choosing of dental metal materials. METHODS: Patch test was performed on 92 patients wearing dental metal prosthesis. Pearson Chi-square test, corrected Chi-square test and Fisher exact test were used for statistical analysis with SPSS17.0 software package. RESULTS: ①The sensitivity rates of different metal materials were different. The allergy rate of nickel (Ni) was the highest (22.8%), while the allergy rate of aluminum (Al) was 0. ②More women were allergic to both palladium (Pd) and nickel (Ni) than men with significant difference (P>0.05). ③Women with ear piercing were more allergic to nickel (Ni), but there was no significant correlation between ear piercing and nickel allergy (P>0.05).④There was cross reaction between nickel(Ni)and palladium (Pd), 83.3% of palladium (Pd) allergy patients were allergic to nickel (Ni), while 47.6% of nickel(Ni) allergy patients were allergic to palladium (Pd). ⑤Patch test had a delayed reaction. CONCLUSIONS: Dental metal materials have certain allergies, women are more allergic to both palladium (Pd) and nickel (Ni) than men, with significant difference. Patch test may have a delayed reaction. If necessary, observation for 96 h, 7 days or even longer time, are needed to exclude false positivity.

Key words: Dental metal materials, Patch test, Allergic reactions

中图分类号:

R783.1

刘月, 王晓萍, 吴斌, 胡跃, 窦侠, 孙红英, 丁亚通, 张欣. 不同牙科金属材料致敏性的比较[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2014, 23(2): 143-148.

LIU Yue, WANG Xiao-ping, WU-Bin, HU-Yue, DOU Xia, SUN Hong-ying, DING Ya-tong, ZHANG Xin. Comparative study of sensitivity of different dental metal materials[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2014, 23(2): 143-148.

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