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Applied anatomy of the stylomastoid foramina and its relation to the surrounding bone structures QIN Si-jia, LIU Huan-qi, ZHANG Yu-qing, WANG Dan-yang, HUANG Shuo, WANG Feng, LIU Chang-kui Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2023, 32 (6): 568-571.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2023.06.002 Abstract （1202）      PDF （607KB）（247）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To study the relationship between the stylomastoid foramen and surrounding bony structures, enrich anatomical data and provide reference for clinical surgery. METHODS: A total of 62 intact and dry adult skulls were selected. The shape of the stylomastoid foramen was observed, the diameter of the stylomastoid foramen, the distances from the posterolateral point and the anterior medial point to the surrounding bony structures were measured with a vernier caliper. SPSS 25.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: There were four shapes of stylomastoid foramen, i.e., circular (61.29%), oval (29.84%), irregular (8.06%) and triangular (0.81%). The circular diameter was (2.80±0.61) mm, the oval long and short diameters were (4.43±0.96) and (2.79±0.60) mm. Distances from the posterolateral and anterior medial points of the stylomastoid foramen to the posterolateral point of the external opening of the carotid canal, the anterior medial point of the jugular foramen, the midline, the most anterior point of the foramen magnum, the posterior point of the great palatine foramen, the posterolateral point of the foramen lacerated, the foramen ovale, the posterolateral point of the foramen spinosum, the anterior point of the styloid process root, the outermost point of the tympanomastoid fissure and the tip of the mastoid process were (16.10±2.81), (24.01±2.65), (44.95±3.24), (45.10±2.71), (61.66±4.14), (35.56±4.35), (32.26±2.85), (29.12±3.40), (10.39±3.25), (9.49±2.24) and (12.01±2.79) mm; (12.80±2.41), (21.56±2.51), (42.96±3.97), (42.91±2.76), (58.97±3.97), (32.98±4.14), (29.20±2.77), (25.80±2.87), (7.37±2.33), (11.42±2.00) and (15.41±2.57) mm, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference in the apertures and distances between the left and right side(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Most of the stylomastoid foramen are round and oval, understanding the distance between the foramen and surrounding bony structures is helpful for guiding clinical operations and enriching anatomical knowledge. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of 4R crisis management theory in the protection of oral mucositis in patients with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ZOU Qian, CHEN Mei-hua Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (6): 676-680.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.06.019 Abstract （1156）      PDF （688KB）（299）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical value of nursing care plans employing 4R crisis management model for prevention of oral mucositis in patients with autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. METHODS: According to different intervention time points, totally 40 transplantation patients from May 2019 to December 2020 were selected as the control group, while 68 transplantation patients from January 2021 to January 2023 were selected as the experimental group. Compared to the control group, patients in the experimental group adopted more comprehensive risk management measures and applied 4R crisis theory. The preventive and therapeutic outcomes were compared in the aspects of oral mucosal inflammation incidence, grade, time to resume orally fed diet and inpatient stay of two groups of patient. SPSS 27.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Oral mucositis occurred in 76.5% of patients in the experimental group, which was significantly lower than the control group (100%) (P<0.05). Severe oral mucositis (grades Ⅲ and Ⅳ) were 11.8% in the experimental group, which was significantly lower than the control group(65.0%). The clinical nursing satisfaction of the experimental group was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.001). There was no significant difference in hospital duration or oral refeeding time between the two groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The application of 4R crisis management strategy can substantially decrease oral mucositis occurrences and severity, thereby enhancing the effectiveness of oral care management for autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation patients, reducing patient discomfort, accelerating recovery time and improving quality of life . The strategy has promising clinical potential of application. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Accuracy of tooth segmentation algorithm based on deep learning ZHANG Bo-jun, CUI Zhi-ming, LIU Zhi-xu, CHEN Si-yue, GU Kai-jun, LI Si-tong, WU Yan-qi, SHEN Ding-gang, ZHU Min Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (4): 339-344.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.04.002 Abstract （1054）      PDF （933KB）（492）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: The established automatic AI tooth segmentation algorithm was used to achieve rapid and automatic tooth segmentation from CBCT images. The three-dimensional data obtained by oral scanning of real isolated teeth were used as the gold standard to verify the accuracy of the algorithm. METHODS: Thirty sets of CBCT data and corresponding 59 isolated teeth were collected from Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. The three-dimensional tooth data in CBCT images were segmented by the algorithm. The digital information obtained by scanning the extracted teeth after processing was used as the gold standard. In order to compare the difference between the segmentation results and the scanning results of the algorithm. The Dice coefficient(Dice), sensitivity (Sen) and average symmetric surface distance (ASSD) were selected to evaluate the segmentation accuracy of the algorithm. The intra-class correlation coefficient(ICC) was used to evaluate the differences in length, area, and volume between the single tooth obtained by the AI system and the digital isolated tooth. Due to the existence of CBCT with different resolution, ANOVA was used to analyze the differences between groups with different resolution, and SNK method was used to compare them between two groups. SPSS 25.0 software package was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: After comparing the segmentation results with the in vitro dental scanning results, the average Dice value was (94.7±1.88)%, the average Sen was (95.8±2.02)%, and the average ASSD was (0.49±0.12) mm. By comparing the length, area and volume of a single tooth obtained by the digital isolated tooth and the AI system, the ICC values of the intra-group correlation coefficients were 0.734, 0.719 and 0.885, respectively. The single tooth divided by the AI system has a good consistency with the digital model in evaluating the length, area and volume, but the segmentation results were still different from the real situation in terms of specific values. The smaller the voxel of CBCT, the higher the resolution, the better the segmentation results. CONCLUSIONS: The CBCT tooth segmentation algorithm established in this study can accurately achieve the tooth segmentation of the whole dentition in CBCT at all resolutions. The improvement of CBCT resolution ratio can make the algorithm more accurate. Compared with the current segmentation algorithms, our algorithm has better performance. Compared with the real situation, there are still some differences, and the algorithm needs to be further improved and verified. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2025, 34 (4): 0-0.   Abstract （994）      PDF （722KB）（59）       Knowledge map    Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the 5-year clinical restoration effect of implants retained complete overdentures with Locator attachments in 48 patients ZHOU Tuan-feng, YANG Xue, ZHANG Hua, ZHANG Zhi-yong, CHEN Quan Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (1): 90-96.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.01.016 Abstract （967）      PDF （998KB）（307）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To observe the long-term clinical effect of implants retained complete overdentures with Locator attachments. METHODS: A total of 48 patients with edentulous jaws treated with implants retained complete overdentures with Locator attachments were selected from the Outpatient Department of Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology from 2016 to 2017. Among them, 21 patients underwent double-maxillary complete overdentures restoration and 27 patients underwent single-maxillary restoration. A total of 230 implants were implanted. The clinical observation indicators included the implant survival rate, peri-implant mucosal bleeding on probing(BOP), the change in the vertical height of alveolar bone absorption around the implants, overdenture base fracture rate, artificial tooth fall off and fracture rate and other complications. The change of the locator attachment retention force of the implant-supported overdentures was evaluated. SPSS 13.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: During the five-years clinical observation period, 5 implants fell off, 1 narrow dimeter implant in the anterior zone was broken, and 12 implants were lost to follow-up. The implant survival rate was 97.25%. One year after the restoration therapy finished, peri-implant mucosal bleeding on probing (BOP+) was detected in 48 (21.4%) implants. The average BI was 0.21±0.42, which was higher in the anterior zone than that in the posterior zone. The vertical alveolar bone absorption height around the implants was (0.21±0.35) mm, 2 implants-supported complete overdenture bases were broken. After 5 years of restoration, 163(76.89%) implants had peri-implant mucosal bleeding on probing(BOP+). The average BI was 1.00±0.70, and the vertical alveolar bone absorption height around the implants was (0.58±0.85) mm. There was no significant difference between males and females. There was no significant difference in the peri-implant mucosal bleeding index and the alveolar bone vertical absorption height between the anterior zone and the posterior zone(P>0.05). The mean BI of peri-implant mucosa and the vertical absorption height of peri-implant alveolar bone were significantly different between the 1-year observation period and the 5-year observation period respectively(P<0.01). There were 17(26.15%) cases with overdenture bases fracture, and the fracture rate of artificial teeth was 16.92%. Most of them occurred in the midline area of the anterior zone and the location of the overdenture base on the locator attachments. The average first replacement time of the locator attachment nylon retainer washer was 34.2±10.3 months. CONCLUSIONS: Implants retained complete overdentures with Locator attachments are effective in long term clinical observation. Complications are mainly found in peri-implant mucosal bleeding on probing and vertical alveolar bone absorption, and tended to increase gradually over time. The fracture of the implant retains complete overdenture bases and the fall off or fracture of the artificial teeth are the second serious complications. Overdenture base with metal frame at the location of the Locator abutment and the midline of the anterior area should be strengthened, and narrow diameter implants should be avoided as far as possible in the anterior zone. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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TNF-α regulated SHED osteogenic differentiation through ERK1/2-Runx2 signaling pathway WANG Jing, XU Na, REN Hui-di Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (2): 135-140.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.02.005 Abstract （898）      PDF （1435KB）（240）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of TNF-α on osteogenic differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED), and to analyze the changes of ERK1/2-Runx2 signaling pathway in the regulation process. METHODS: SHED cells were isolated and cultured from normal deciduous permanent teeth of healthy children aged 6-8 years old, and the third passage of SHED cells were taken and divided into control group (osteogenic inducer culture), observation group (osteogenic inducer and TNF-α co-culture) and agonist group (osteogenic inducer, TNF-α and ERK pathway agonist co-culture). The osteogenic differentiation was determined by alizarin red staining. The protein expression levels of Osterix, OPN, ERK1/2, pERK1/2 and Runx2 in SHED cells were determined by Western blot. The expressions of Osterix, OPN, ERK1/2, pERK1/2 and Runx2 mRNA were detected by qRT-PCR. Statistical analysis was performed with SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: Comparison of osteogenic differentiation ability of the three groups of cells showed that red-brown mineralized nodules were observed in the three groups of cells. Compared among the three groups, the control group had the most mineralized nodules, followed by the activation group, and the observation group had the least mineralized nodules. Compared with the control group, the expression levels of Osterix and OPN protein and mRNA in the observation group and the agonist group were significantly decreased, while the expression levels of Osterix and OPN protein and mRNA in the agonist group were significantly higher than those in the observation group. There was no significant difference in the expression levels of ERK1/2 protein and mRNA among the three groups, while the expression levels of pERK1/2 and Runx2 protein and mRNA in the observation group and the agonist group were significantly higher than those in the control group, and the expression levels of pERK1/2 and Runx2 protein and mRNA in the agonist group were significantly higher than those in the observation group. CONCLUSIONS: TNF-α can inhibit osteogenic differentiation of SHED cells, which may be related to the inhibition of ERK1/2-Runx2 signaling pathway. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A novel periodontal endoscopy-aided non-incisional periodontal regeneration technique：a case series study SHI Jia-hong, LI Jing-wen, JIANG Li-shan, LEI Lang, LI Hou-xuan Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (1): 80-84.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.01.014 Abstract （881）      PDF （888KB）（333）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of endoscopy-aided non-incisional periodontal regeneration technique (NIT) in the treatment of alveolar bone angular resorption. METHODS: Thirteen patients with severe periodontitis(13 diseased teeth) were selected. All patients had alveolar bone angular resorption on adjacent surface. The patients received NIT treatment 6 weeks after periodontal primary therapy. The visualization of subgingival environment was acquired by the periodontal endoscopy. Following the removal of the subgingival plaque, calculus and intra-bony granulation tissue, bone grafting materials were placed into the intra-bony defects with the assistance of a delicate gingival protector. No flap was elevated and no sutures were applied. Probing depth (PD), gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), as well as radiographic parameters were evaluated at baseline and 2 years after treatment. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: At 2-years follow-up, an average CAL gain of (3.65±2.10) mm (P<0.001), PD reduction of (4.42±1.66) mm (P<0.001), and minimal increase in GR of (0.38±0.87) mm (P=0.25) were observed. Alveolar bone was significantly improved at 2-years follow-up on radiographs (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: For angular resorption site of alveolar bone, NIT treatment can obtain good periodontal regeneration results without flap inversion. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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The effect of Frankel Ⅲ orthodontic appliance combined with lip muscle training in the treatment of malocclusion during mixed dentition DING Min-lin, ZHANG Hai-liang, ZHANG Ji-min Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (4): 432-437.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.04.018 Abstract （876）      PDF （648KB）（455）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To exploring the clinical effect of lip muscle training combined with Frankel Ⅲ orthodontic appliances in correcting Class Ⅲ malocclusion during the mixed dentition period. METHODS: One hundred children with Class Ⅲ malocclusion during the mixed dentition period admitted to Hangzhou Greentown Stomatological Hospital from June 2018 to December 2022 were selected. The children were randomly divided into a combination group (treated with lip muscle training and Frankel Ⅲ orthodontic appliance) and a control group (treated with Frankel Ⅲ orthodontic appliance), with 50 cases in each group. X-ray cephalometric indicators, temporomandibular joint parameters, upper airway measurement parameters and 12 month follow-up of the two groups of children were compared before and after treatment. SPSS 21.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Before treatment, there was no significant difference of SNA, SNB, ANB, U1-NA, L1-NB, ANS-Ptm, S-Ptm, Co Po, Co-S, MP-SN, MP-FH and NP-FH between the combination group and the control group (P>0.05). After treatment, ANB, U1-NA, L1-NB and MP-SN in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while NP-FH were significantly lower than that in the control group(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference of the joint space, anterior joint space and posterior joint space between the combination group and the control group patients(P>0.05); after treatment, the joint space and the joint space in the combination group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference of Ba PNS, Ad1 PNS, Ad2 PNS, Mc1 Mc2, SPP-SPPW, U-MPW, PAS and V-LPW between the combination group and the control group(P>0.05); after treatment, Ad2-PNS in the combination group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05). After 12 months of follow-up, the recurrence rate of the combination group was 2.00%, which was significantly lower than that (16.00%) of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The combination of lip muscle training and Frankel III orthodontic appliances is more conducive to correcting Class III malocclusion during the replacement period, improving upper airway morphology, and reducing the recurrence rate after treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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An in vitro experiment on the stability and irritant of hypochlorous acid in oral cavity LIU Zhao-chen, SUN Pei, PAN Ke-qing, WANG Pei-yan, ZHANG Hui, YUAN Chang-qing, DENG Jing Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (2): 141-147.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.02.006 Abstract （868）      PDF （2020KB）（444）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To study the stability of physicochemical properties and sterilizing effect about two commercially available hypochlorous acid (HClO) products under simulated clinical conditions, and to evaluate the compatibility of HClO on soft and hard tissues and cells in oral cavity. METHODS: Samples of HClO solution with different production processes were prepared, to detect the changes of physicochemical indexes of each sample over time under simulated clinical conditions (shielded from light at 20-25 ℃, open the cover for 5 minutes every day), including free available chlorine, oxidation-reduction potential and pH. Through suspension quantitative germicidal test, the antibiosis-concentration curve of HClO solution was made, so as to calibrate the change of antibacterial ability of disinfectant with the decrease of available chlorine content during storage. Pulp, tongue and dentine were immersed in PBS, 100 ppm HClO, 200 ppm HClO and 3% NaClO. The influence on soft and hard tissues was evaluated by weighing method and microhardness test. The toxic effects of HClO, NaClO and their 10-fold diluent on human gingival fibroblasts were determined by CCK-8 cytotoxicity assay. GraphPad PRIS 8.0 software was used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Under simulated conditions, the free available chlorine (FAC) of HClO solution decayed with time, and the attenuation degree was less than 20 ppm within 1 month. The bactericidal effect of each HClO sample was still higher than 5log after concentration decay. There was no obvious dissolution and destruction to soft and hard tissues for HClO(P>0.05). The cell viability of HClO to human gingival fibroblast cells (HGFC) was greater than 80%, which was much higher than 3% NaClO (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The bactericidal effect and stability of HClO solution can meet clinical needs, which has low cytotoxicity and good histocompatibility. It is expected to become a safe and efficient disinfection product in the field of living pulp preservation and dental pulp regeneration. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of collagen sponge on the healing process of alveolar fossa after tooth extraction in rats LI Jun-fu, ZHU Jia, JIANG Juan, WANG Xu-xia, CHEN Dai-yun, ZHAO Zuo-qin Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2023, 32 (3): 241-245.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2023.03.004 Abstract （865）      PDF （759KB）（421）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of collagen sponge on early bone healing process of alveolar fossa after tooth extraction in rats. METHODS: A total of 16 healthy female SD rats were selected. Animal models with tooth extraction were established. The right alveolar fossa inserted with collagen sponge was as the experimental group, and the left alveolar fossa was as the control group with treatment. The rats were sacrificed 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after tooth extraction, and the osteogenesis of alveolar fossa was observed. Real-time quantitative PCR (qt-PCR) was used to detect the changes of osteogenesis related gene expression. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After surgery, alveolar cavity healing was significantly better in the experimental group than in the control group. Osterix, Runx2 and Vegf genes were expressed in the experimental group and the control group, and the expression levels of related genes in the experimental group were significantly higher than the control group 1, 2, 4 and 8 weeks after surgery(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Collagen sponge could promote early alveolar bone healing, possibly related to the expression level of osteogenic genes regulated by collagen sponge. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Differential miRNA profiling and target gene analysis of marrow mesenchymal stem cells in postmenopausal osteoporotic mouse mandibles YANG Shan-shan, ZHANG Wei, HU Xiao-hua, YANG Xiao-hong Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (6): 561-571.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.06.001 Abstract （847）      PDF （2245KB）（489）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the differential miRNA expression profiles and predicted target genes of mandibular bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MBMSCs) in a postmenopausal osteoporosis (POP) mouse model using bioinformatics methods, providing new targets for diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of POP. METHODS: POP mouse model was established by performing ovariectomy surgery, and MBMSCs were obtained using whole bone marrow adherent culture method. Microarray sequencing was performed to detect the miRNA expression profile of MBMSCs. Subsequently, miRNA identification and prediction analysis were conducted, along with the prediction of target genes. Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analyses, and protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis were performed on the predicted target genes. Key hub genes were identified using algorithms such as Degree, Betweenness, and Closeness. The data were analyzed by GraphPad Prism 8.0 and R language. RESULTS: A total of 84 differentially expressed miRNAs were obtained using a threshold of P<0.05, with 33 upregulated and 51 downregulated miRNAs. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses of the 84 differentially expressed miRNAs revealed their involvement in various biological processes and pathways. Among them, 130 target gene mRNAs were enriched in the "regulation of stem cell pluripotency" signaling pathway. PPI network analysis and hub gene selection were performed for the 130 predicted target gene mRNAs, resulting in the identification of 7 reliable hub genes: Ctnnβ1, Hras, Kras, Akt1, Mapk3, Smad3, and Smad2. Among these hub genes, Ctnnβ1, Akt1, Mapk3, Smad3, and Smad2 were found to be significantly associated with POP. CONCLUSIONS: The differentially expressed miRNAs identified in MBMSCs of POP mice may serve as potential biomarkers and play important roles in the pathogenesis of POP. This study provides new research direction and theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of POP. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparison of the effects of using iRoot BP plus and MTA apical barrier surgery in young permanent teeth with chronic apical periodontitis SUN Yan-ni, ZHAO Lei, LIU Wei, YIN Xiao-ping Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (3): 260-264.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.03.008 Abstract （813）      PDF （598KB）（412）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To explore the effect of using iRoot BP plus and MTA apical barrier surgery in young permanent teeth with chronic apical periodontitis. METHODS: A total of 122 patients with chronic periapical periodontitis with open root tips of permanent teeth were randomly divided into experimental group (n=61, 61 teeth) and a control group (n=61, 61 teeth). Patients in the experimental group received iRoot BP plus plus apical barrier surgery, while those in the control group received MTA apical barrier surgery. The old periapical index (O-PAI), apical transmission area, efficacy, treatment times, and inflammatory factor levels of the two groups of patients were compared at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after surgery. SPSS 19.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: At 12 months after surgery, the O-PAI ratings of the experimental group and the control group were (1.48±0.36) and (1.71±0.42), respectively, and the apical transmission area was (0.51± 0.14) and (1.09±0.31). There was a significant difference in the O-PAI ratings and apical transmission area between the two groups(P<0.05). At 3 months, 6 months, and 12 months after surgery, the O-PAI scores of patients in both groups gradually decreased (P<0.05). After 12 months of treatment, the success rates of the experimental group and the control group were 98.36% and 88.52%, respectively, with significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The treatment frequency of patients in the experimental group and the control group was (3.64±0.58) times and (4.72±0.61) times, respectively, with a significant difference between the two groups(P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the serum hs-CRP levels in the experimental group and the control group were (6.89±1.13) mg/L and (7.25±1.40) mg/L, respectively, with a significant difference compared to pre-treatment(P<0.05). After 3 months of treatment, the serum IL-6 levels in the experimental group and the control group were (82.04±19.62) mg/L and (87.52±20.85) mg/L, respectively, with significant differences compared to pre-treatment (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in serum IL-6 and hs-CRP levels between the two groups before and after treatment(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: iRoot BP plus apical barrier surgery for the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis with open permanent teeth can reduce the O-PAI index, decrease the number of postoperative visits, and have a higher postoperative success rate. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Review of clinical effects of disk-up sinus reamer(DSR)-based internal sinus floor elevation with implantation in 10 years ZHANG Kai-yue, HAN Ze-yu, JIANG Shuai, XU Hao, LI Fan, ZHAO Bao-dong Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (1): 64-70.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.01.011 Abstract （802）      PDF （1101KB）（403）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To analyze the bone remodeling around the implant 10 years after disk-up sinus reamer(DSR)-based internal sinus floor elevation with implantation and to investigate the influence of different factors on implant retention. METHODS: The clinical and imaging data of patients undergoing DSR-based sinus floor elevation with simultaneous implantation were collected from the Department of Dental Implantology, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2008 to December 2011. Panoramic film and CBCT were used to measure the changes of bone mass around implant in different periods. Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests were used to analyze the effects of different factors on implant retention with SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: The study included 98 patients with a total of 128 implants. During the follow-up of 0-168 months, 7 implants failed, and the remaining formed good osseointegration and functioned, with a 10-year cumulative retention rate of 94.53%. The height of bone formation was (0.29±0.15) mm at the top and (2.74±0.66) mm in the sinus of 75 implant sites with complete imaging data obtained ten years after surgery. Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests showed that 8 factors including initial bone height, elevated bone height, mucosal perforation, implant length, implant torsion, diabetes, smoking and periodontitis had significant effects on implant retention. CONCLUSIONS: The DSR-based internal sinus floor elevation with implantation is a reliable and stable bone augmentation operation for vertical bone defect in maxillary posterior region, with a 10-year cumulative retention rate of no less than 94%. Initial bone height, elevated bone height, mucosal perforation, implant length, implant torsion, diabetes, smoking and periodontitis are the important factors affecting the long-term retention rate of implants. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Oral health and hygiene behavior in chronic renal failure patients XIE Tian, DENG Meng-zhao, KANG Jian, CHEN Kan, YAO Jin-feng, ZHENG Cang-shang Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2023, 32 (5): 541-544.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2023.05.017 Abstract （788）      PDF （484KB）（850）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the oral health and hygiene behavior of chronic renal failure(CRF) patients in Shenzhen, so as to provide basis for formulating education for them. METHODS: The history of renal failure, oral health status and oral health care behavior of 336 patients with chronic renal failure(CRF) in the hemodialysis center of Shenzhen Second People's Hospital were investigated by questionnaire and oral examinations. RESULTS: At an average, dialysis was required for 3.2 years. The main cause of renal failure was glomerulonephritis in 49.11% of patients, hypertensive kidney lesion in 19.35% and diabetic nephropathy in 15.77% of patients; 77.8% of them kept brushing teeth two or more than two times every day; 72.9% patients suffered from oral problems such as toothache in recent 12 months. The rate of visiting a dentist when having complaints was 21.7%. CONCLUSIONS: The state of oral health of CRF is worse than the general population of comparable age in China, while their hygiene behavior is better than the corresponding reference general population. However, their consciousness of dental treatment is poor. Therefore, health education for CRF patients should include knowledge about oral diseases complicated with CRF and correct medical philosophy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Single-cell transcriptome characterization of oral mucosal fibroblasts ZHAO Jiong, BAI Guo, YANG Chi Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (1): 1-5.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.01.001 Abstract （781）      PDF （1308KB）（475）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To elucidate the disparities and similarities in the composition and function of fibroblast subtypes between normal oral mucosa and cutaneous tissue, to establish a unified classification of fibroblast subtypes between these two tissue types, comprehend the differences and similarities in their functionalities, and provide a foundational basis for future applications in the fields of tissue repair and regeneration. METHODS: Four single-cell databases from both oral mucosa and cutaneous tissue were integrated and fibroblast subpopulations were extracted. Batch effects were eliminated using Harmony, and fibroblast subpopulations were subsequently classified via UMAP (Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection) clustering. The functional analysis of these subpopulations was conducted through gene set enrichment results. Statistical analysis was performed with R 4.2.0 software package. RESULTS: Eight distinct functional fibroblast subpopulations were defined, and their functions were found to be associated with the composition of the extracellular matrix, immunity, and contraction. Statistical analysis revealed differences in the composition ratios of these subpopulations between oral mucosa and skin tissue. CONCLUSIONS: To evaluate the role of fibroblasts in tissue homeostasis and wound healing accomplished by integrating and analyzing fibroblasts from normal skin and oral mucosal tissue from various sites, this study identifies the differences in fibroblast subpopulation composition and function between these two tissue types in healthy conditions, and provides an understanding of oral mucosa and skin homeostasis and cellular function at the transcriptomic level. The findings of this study may serve as a basis for future research in this area. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Clinical study on guiding parents to promote oral health of pre-school children through self-made oral science video ZHANG Shi-yun, ZHU Jia-lin, ZHOU Yi-lei, LU Wei-fang, SU Hong-ru Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (5): 500-505.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.05.010 Abstract （755）      PDF （750KB）（371）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical effect of self-made oral science video on guiding parents to promote oral health of pre-school children, and to explore a more effective new technology in oral hygiene education. METHODS: One hundred and four 3-6 years old children with early childhood caries from Shanghai Xuhui District Dental Center were randomly recruited and divided into intervention group(n=52) and control group (n=52) during July to September 2022. At recruitment and 1 month after recruitment, the control group received routine oral health education, while the intervention group parents watched self-made oral health video and received routine oral health education. Plaque index (PLI), decayed missing filled tooth surface (dmfs) as well as oral health knowledge, attitude, practice(KAP) score of parents were compared between the two groups 1 and 6 months after recruitment.SPSS 26.0 software package was used for statistical analysis of the data. RESULTS: At 1 and 6 months after recruitment, the KAP score of intervention group （86.445±7.156, 85.694±5.880）was significantly higher than that of the control group [82.571(77.286, 88.142),81.853±7.482]（P<0.05）. The PLI of intervention group [2.014±0.403, 1.895(1.250, 2.100)] was significantly lower than that of the control group（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference of dmfs between the intervention group and control group(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: As a new oral hygiene education technology, self-made oral science video is effective on improving oral health condition of pre-school children and the KAP condition of their parents. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Three-dimensional finite element analysis of different attachment designs for lateral incisors during inward retraction of upper anterior teeth in clear aligner CHEN Jing-cheng, ZHAO Meng-li, CHENG Zhi-heng, LIU Xin Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (4): 360-366.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.04.005 Abstract （739）      PDF （3163KB）（329）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the biomechanical expression of different shapes of attachments on the maxillary anterior teeth during the lingual tooth movement process using clear aligners, providing new insights for orthodontists to improve the clinical design. METHODS: In this study, CBCT data were simulated using the three-dimensional finite element technique. Attachments of various shapes, including no attachment(A1), rectangular attachment(A2), wedge-shaped attachment(A3), and curved arc attachment(A4), were designed on the lateral incisors. Ansys software was employed to calculate the three-dimensional changes in the lateral incisors, dental arch, and clear aligners and the distribution of equivalent stress on the periodontal ligament(von Mises) under the same load conditions. RESULTS: The coronal displacement of the lateral incisors showed the following variations: A1>A4>A3>A2. The sagittal displacement exhibited the following variations: A3>A4>A1>A2. The vertical elongation demonstrated the following variations: A4>A3> A1>A2. The overall displacement of each dental arch displayed an arch-shaped trend. Different regions of the clear aligners exhibited variations in deformation. The von Mises distribution of the periodontal ligament in A1 and A2 group showed similarities, while A3 group exhibited stress concentration only in the lingual area of the root's one-third region. Group A4 experienced significantly higher stress in the cervical region compared to A1 and A2 group. CONCLUSIONS: Rectangular attachments and curved arc attachments possess advantages in coronal control, with rectangular attachments exhibiting the best control effect in vertical control. The area of attachment force and actual displacement efficiency do not have an absolute correlation, as the shape of the force-bearing surface can significantly affect its specific biomechanical expression. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Comparative study of iRoot SP and AH Plus on root canal sealing ability in periodontally compromised teeth LU Min, LIU Shuang, WANG Ya-nan, SONG Ai-mei Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2024, 33 (5): 455-460.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2024.05.002 Abstract （726）      PDF （1119KB）（303）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: This study was aimed to compare the difference between iRoot SP and AH Plus on root canal sealing ability for teeth extracted due to severe periodontitis and explore whether the dentin tubule pathway plays an important role in the development of endodontic-periodontic lesions(EPL), in order to provide a theoretical basis for selection of proper time for root canal therapy and suitable root canal sealants in patients with EPL. METHODS: Fifty single-root anterior teeth extracted due to severe periodontitis were selected. The roots were completely debrided to remove the calculus, dental plaque and cementum. They were divided into two groups, namely group A and group B, with 25 teeth in each group which included 21 experimental teeth and 4 negative control teeth. The root canals were filled with iRoot SP (group A) and AH Plus(group B) plus gutta-percha by cold lateral condensation technique. All roots were cut across the middle section and divided into coronal segment (group A1 and B1) of which the coronal section and apical section were sealed with self-etching adhesive and fluid resin, and then covered with melted casting wax twice. The apical segment of the experimental group was further divided into two subgroups, namely, the unsealed apical foramen group(group A2 and group B2) and sealed apical foramen group (group A3 and group B3). In group A2 and group B2, only the coronal section was sealed as mentioned above. While in group A3 and B3, both the coronal sections and apical foramen were sealed. The whole surface of the specimens in negative control group were all covered with melted casting wax twice. The samples were immersed in 1% methylene blue dye solution for 14 d, then they were longitudinally cut in half. Vernier caliper was used to measure the penetration length of the dye solution along the inner wall of each root canal. The sample sections were all photographed to process for Image Pro Plus software analysis of the penetration area of the dye solution in dentin tubule. The intra-group and inter-group differences were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and LSD method, respectively. The data were analyzed by SPSS 26.0 software package. RESULTS: The penetration length of group A2 was significantly longer than that of group A3 (P<0.05). The penetration length of group B2 was significantly longer than that of group B1 and B3 (P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the corresponding subgroups of group A and group B (P>0.05). Statistical analysis showed that the percentage of stained dentin tubule area in group A1 was significantly lower than that in group A2(P<0.05), and the area percentage in group B1 was significantly lower than that in group B2 and B3(P<0.05). There was no significant difference between the corresponding subgroups of group A and group B(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For periodontally compromised teeth, neither iRoot SP nor AH Plus paste combined with gutta-percha by cold lateral condensation technique could completely seal the root canal. There is no significant difference between iRoot SP and AH Plus paste on root canal sealing ability in teeth from periodontitis patients. Dentin tubules are not the main pathway of periodontal tissue and pulp communication. The pathway in the apical 1/2 segment of the root plays a more important role in the occurence of EPL, which suggest that root canal therapy may be taken into consideration when the clinical attachment loss reaches more than the apical 1/2 of the root. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Current status of oral health literacy and its influencing factors among adult orthodontic patients HU Xiang-ying, WANG Bi-xia, YUAN Wei-jun, ZHU Min, XIAO Yan Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2023, 32 (5): 545-550.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2023.05.018 Abstract （715）      PDF （722KB）（430）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To investigate the current status of oral health literacy among adult orthodontic patients and analyze its influencing factors. METHODS: Totally 163 adult orthodontic patients were recruited by convenience sampling method from November 2021 to February 2022 at the Department of Oral and Craniomaxillofacial Surgery, Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital. General information questionnaire, Chinese version of Health Literacy in Dentistry (HeLD-14), Chinese version of Self-Efficacy Scale for Self-care (SESS) and Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS) were applied. SPSS 21.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The mean score of oral health literacy in adult orthodontic patients was (48.74±5.54), and the lowest score were obtained in concern (6.80±1.19) and support (6.40±1.59) dimensions. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that adult orthodontic patients' consultation self-efficacy, social support utilization, family or friends' orthodontic history and objective support were the influencing factors of oral health literacy. CONCLUSIONS: The oral health literacy in adult orthodontic patients is at a middle to high level, but concern and support literacy need to be improved. Strengthening consultation self-efficacy, objective support and utilization of social support can improve adult orthodontic patients' oral health literacy. Attention should be paid to patients who have no relatives or friends with history of orthodontic treatment. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation of the effect of invisible correction and SGTB in the treatment of mandibular retrusion CHEN Shuang-xi, GAO Mei-qin Shanghai Journal of Stomatology    2023, 32 (5): 513-518.   DOI: 10.19439/j.sjos.2023.05.012 Abstract （709）      PDF （1464KB）（364）       Knowledge map    PURPOSE: To compare the clinical effects of invisible correction and SGTB in two-stage treatment of mandibular retrusion. METHODS: Eighty-five patients with bony mandibular regression who did not pass the peak of growth and development were selected. Among them, 40 cases were guided by invisible correction and 45 cases were guided by SGTB functional correction. Lateral head X-rays before and after treatment were measured, and the effect before and after treatment was compared by SPSS 16.0 software package. RESULTS: After treatment, the SNB angle and NP-FH (face angle) increased and the ANB angle decreased in both groups, all of which had significant changes(P<0.001). At T1, the changes of SNB angle, ANB angle and NP-FH angle in the invisible group were smaller than those in the SGTB group(P<0.05). The difference between MP-FH angle and MP-SN angle before and after treatment was greater in the SGTB group than in the invisible group(P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with receding mandible before the peak of growth and development, the mandible was significantly moved forward after orthodontics. Both invisible orthodontics and SGTB promote changes in the position of the mandible, improves coordination between the upper and lower jaws. In the control of the posterior teeth in the vertical direction, the invisible group is stronger than the SGTB group. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics