Comparison of the efficacy of gelatin sponge and hydroxyapatite bioceramics in the repair of bone defect in apicectomy

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2025.05.014

Abstract

Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy and biocompatibility of gelatin sponge and hydroxyapatite bioceramic in the repair of bone defects in apicectomy. METHODS: A total of 187 patients with periapical cysts treated from January 2020 to January 2024 were selected and randomly divided into two groups using a random number table method: gelatin sponge group(n=93) and hydroxyapatite ceramic (HA) group(n=94). Apicectomy was performed in both groups, gelatin sponge group was filled with gelatin sponge, HA group was repaired with hydroxyapatite bioceramics.Preoperative and two-week postoperative laboratory indicators were statistically analyzed and compared between the two groups. Additionally, the bone graft height, thickness and bone growth outcomes were compared six months after treatment. The postoperative healing and occurrence of adverse reactions were also compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The bone graft height, bone graft thickness and new bone density in HA group were significantly higher than those of the gelatin sponge group(P<0.05). The levels of white blood cell count (WBC), neutrophil ratio (NEU), C-reactive protein (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and serum creatinine (SCR) in HA group were significantly lower than those of the gelatin sponge group(P<0.05). The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase(AST) in HA group were significantly higher than those in the gelatin sponge group(P<0.05). The effective rate of HA group was 100.00%, which was significantly higher than that of the gelatin sponge group (95.70%, P<0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in HA group was 4.26%, which was significantly lower than 12.90% in the gelatin sponge group (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Hydroxyapatite bioceramics shows better repairing effect and biocompatibility than gelatin sponges in bone defect repair after apicectomy. Hydroxyapatite bioceramics may be a more effective bone repair material, especially in promoting new bone formation and reducing postoperative complications.

Key words: Apicectomy, Gelatin sponge, Hydroxyapatite bioceramics, Bone defect repair, Clinical efficacy, Biocompatibility

CLC Number:

R782.1

Tuo Rui, Zhou Qian, Hu Yanjing, Tian Ying. Comparison of the efficacy of gelatin sponge and hydroxyapatite bioceramics in the repair of bone defect in apicectomy[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2025, 34(5): 530-534.

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