杭州市儿童家长对错𬌗畸形与早期矫治的认知调查

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2026.02.013

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的:调查杭州市0~12岁儿童家长对错𬌗畸形与早期矫治的认知水平、行为特征及影响因素,为临床宣教和公共卫生政策制定提供依据。方法:通过网络问卷收集429名儿童家长的人口学特征、口腔保健行为、错𬌗畸形认知及矫治态度等信息,采用SPSS 27.0软件包进行描述性统计,并通过多元logistic回归分析认知的影响因素。结果:91.4%的受访家长关注儿童颌面发育,关注点主要为牙列不齐（39.9%）和口腔不良习惯（22.8%）。家长对 “口呼吸”认知最充分（均值2.46）,对“吐舌习惯”认知较弱（均值2.18）。76.7%支持错𬌗畸形尽早就诊干预,48.8%认为矫正“越早越好”。56%的家长自评充分了解早期矫治,信息主要获取渠道为医生宣教（72.8%）和网络媒体（54%）。多元 logistic 回归分析显示,定期口腔检查（OR=3.321）和家长自身错𬌗畸形史（OR=1.798）可显著提升认知水平（P<0.001）,学历和收入对认知无显著影响。结论:杭州市儿童家长对错𬌗畸形与早期矫治总体认知较高,但存在过度关注美观、忽视功能问题及干预时机把握不足等局限,建议加强医生主导的科学宣教,整合网络媒体资源以传播正确理念。

关键词: 错𬌗畸形, 家长, 认知调查, 早期矫治

Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the cognition, behavior and influencing factors of parents for children malocclusion and early orthodontic treatment, and to provide a reference for clinical education and public health policy development. METHODS: An on-line questionnaire was designed to collect information on the demographic characteristics, oral health care behaviors, perceptions of malocclusion and treatment attitudes of 429 parents of children aged 0-12 years. The collected data were subjected to descriptive statistics using SPSS 27.0 software package. Multiple logistic regression analysis was employed to analyze the relevant factors influencing parental perceptions. Results: Among the surveyed parents, 91.4% paid attention to children's maxillofacial development, with the main concerns being dental irregularity (39.9%) and bad oral habits (22.8%). Parents had the most sufficient awareness of "mouth breathing" (mean value: 2.46) and relatively weak awareness of "tongue-thrusting habit" (mean value: 2.18). 76.7% of parents supported early medical consultation and intervention for malocclusion, and 48.8% believed that "the earlier the correction, the better". Fifty-six percent of parents self-assessed that they had a sufficient understanding of early orthodontic treatment, and their main information sources were doctor education (72.8%) and online media (54%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that regular oral examinations (OR=3.321) and parents' own history of malocclusion (OR=1.798) could significantly improve their cognitive level (P<0.001), while educational background and income had no statistically significant impact on their cognition. CONCLUSIONS: Parents in Hangzhou city have a high overall awareness of malocclusion and early orthodontic treatment, but there are limitations such as excessive attention to aesthetics, neglect of functional problems, and insufficient understanding of the intervention. It is recommended to strengthen doctor-led education and use online media resources for professional publicity.

Key words: Malocclusion, Parents, Cognitive investigation, Early orthodontic treatment

中图分类号:

R783.5

张询, 赵丰筱. 杭州市儿童家长对错𬌗畸形与早期矫治的认知调查[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2026, 35(2): 185-191.

Zhang Xun, Zhao Fengxiao. Parental perception of children malocclusion and early orthodontic intervention in Hangzhou city[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2026, 35(2): 185-191.

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