上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2018, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 181-184.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2018.02.013

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

综合健康教育对养老院老年人口腔保健知识、态度和行为的影响

李晓力1, 刘明瑜2, 程亮2, 朱宏飞3, 尚姝环3, 崔丹1   

  1. 1.武汉大学全球健康研究中心,武汉大学健康学院,湖北 武汉 430071;
    2.武汉市红钢城街社区卫生服务中心,湖北 武汉 430080;
    3.武汉大学口腔医院,湖北 武汉 430079
  • 收稿日期:2017-07-28 修回日期:2017-10-24 出版日期:2018-04-25 发布日期:2018-05-14
  • 通讯作者: 崔丹,E-mail：alyssazz@126.com
  • 作者简介:李晓力（1993-）,女,硕士研究生,E-mail:994118836@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    湖北省自然科学基金（2015CFB547）

Impact of comprehensive health education on oral care knowledge, attitude and practice in the elderly in long-term care institutions

LI Xiao-li1, LIU Ming-yu2, CHENG Liang2, ZHU Hong-fei3, SHANG Shu-huan3, CUI Dan1   

  1. 1.Wuhan University Global Health Institute, Wuhan University School of Health Sciences. Wuhan 430071;
    2.Wuhan Honggangcheng Street Community Health Services Center. Wuhan 430080;
    3.Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University. Wuhan 430079, Hubei Province, China
  • Received:2017-07-28 Revised:2017-10-24 Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-05-14

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摘要： 目的:观察综合健康教育对养老机构内老年人口腔保健知识、态度、行为（KAP）的影响,为开展老年人口腔健康教育提供依据。方法:以武汉市2所养老机构的常住老年人为研究对象,使用自行设计的调查问卷在入组时、第3个月和第6个月进行口腔保健KAP调查。入组时和第3个月开展面对面健康教育,并发放专用牙膏、牙刷。采用SPSS21.0软件包进行方差分析,比较研究对象干预前、后口腔保健KAP的变化;采用线性回归分析KAP的影响因素。结果:144例研究对象完成随访,平均年龄（72.43±9.41）岁。干预前,研究对象的口腔保健知识、态度、行为得分分别为（28.57±19.19）分、（70.66±21.99）分、（39.86±24.18）分。第6个月时分别为（91.06±9.55）分、（95.31±10.23）分、（90.00±13.38）分。与干预前相比,各维度的差异均有显著改善（F=913.714,P<0.001;F=114.042,P<0.001;F=349.887,P<0.001）。口腔保健知识与态度、知识与行为、态度与行为间呈正相关（β=0.173,P=0.038;β=0.269,P=0.001;β=0.197,P=0.018）。社会人口学因素对KAP得分无显著影响（P>0.05）。结论:在养老机构开展老年口腔综合健康教育,能够提高口腔保健KAP水平,促进口腔保健行为的改善。

关键词: 老年人, 健康教育, 口腔保健, 知识、态度、行为

Abstract: PURPOSE: To assess the impact of comprehensive health education on oral care knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP) of the elderly in the long-term care institutions and to provide references for oral health education among the elder people. METHODS: Elder people from 2 nursing centers in Wuhan were selected. The follow-up period was 6 months. Questionnaires were used to collect social-demographic characteristics and oral care KAP data at baseline, the third month and the sixth month, respectively. Comprehensive health education, toothpaste and toothbrushes were provided at baseline and the third month. The changes of oral care KAP were observed before and after interventions. SPSS21.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: A total of 144 subjects with a mean age of (72.43±9.41) years completed the study after 6 months. At baseline, the KAP scores were (28.57±19.19), (70.66±21.99) and (39.86±24.18), respectively. At the sixth month, the KAP scores were (91.06±9.55), (95.31±10.23) and (90.00±13.38), respectively and significant improvements were observed (F=913.714, P<0.001; F=114.042, P<0.001; F=349.887, P<0.001). Oral care knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practice, attitude and practice were positively correlated（β=0.173, P=0.038; β=0.269, P=0.001; β=0.197, P=0.018）. Social-demographic characteristics had no significant effect on KAP scores (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Long-term care institutions should strengthen oral health education and improve oral care KAP, oral health status and oral health-related quality of life of the elder people.

Key words: Elder people, Health education, Oral care, Knowledge, attitude and practice

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