上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (1): 95-100.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2026.01.016

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

上海市徐汇区6~11岁学龄儿童龋病流行现状调查

孟欣雨1, 吴祎培2, 苏红如2,*, 余金明1,*   

  1. 1.复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海 200032;
    2.上海市徐汇区牙病防治所 口腔预防科,上海 200032
  • 收稿日期:2024-11-28 修回日期:2024-12-31 出版日期:2026-03-12 发布日期:2026-03-12
  • 通讯作者: 苏红如,E-mail: xyfyfk@163.com;余金明,E-mail: jmy@fudan.edu.cn。*共同通信作者
  • 作者简介:孟欣雨（1999-）,女,在读硕士研究生,E-mail: 22211020059@m.fudan.edu.cn

Investigation on deciduous dental caries among school children aged 6-11 years in Xuhui District of Shanghai

Meng Xinyu1, Wu Yipei2, Su Hongru2, Yu Jinming1   

  1. 1. School of Public Health, Fudan University. Shanghai 200032;
    2. Department of Oral Prevention, Xuhui District Dental Disease Prevention and Treatment Center. Shanghai 200032, China
  • Received:2024-11-28 Revised:2024-12-31 Online:2026-03-12 Published:2026-03-12

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摘要： 目的 通过对上海市徐汇区8所小学进行口腔健康检查,了解并分析学龄儿童患龋状况,为龋病防治提供科学有效的依据。方法 采用多阶段整群抽样方法,选取上海市徐汇区8所公办小学11 344名6~11岁学龄儿童为调查对象,参照第四次全国口腔健康流行病学调查方案进行口腔检查。采用SAS 9.4软件包对患龋率、龋均等相关指标进行统计分析。结果 11 344名学龄儿童的患龋率为30.61%,龋均为0.97±1.96。其中乳牙患龋率为25.43%,龋均为0.85±1.87;恒牙患龋率为7.58%,龋均为0.12±0.47。不同性别中,男童与女童乳牙患龋率和龋均无统计学差异,女童恒牙患龋率和龋均显著高于男童（P<0.05）。不同年龄段,乳牙患龋率先随年龄增加而升高,后随年龄增加而下降,8岁儿童乳牙患龋率最高;恒牙患龋率随年龄增加而升高,且差异具有统计学意义（P<0.001）。儿童患龋牙位中,乳牙最容易患龋的牙位为上颌乳中切牙、乳磨牙和下颌乳磨牙;恒牙最容易患龋的牙位为第一恒磨牙。结论 上海市徐汇区学龄儿童乳牙恒牙患龋率较高,且患龋牙位集中,应加强对学龄儿童龋病的早期防治。

关键词: 学龄儿童, 龋病, 患龋率, 龋均, 流行病学调查

Abstract: PURPOSE: To investigate the prevalence of dental caries in primary teeth among school-age children through oral health examination of 8 primary schools in Xuhui District of Shanghai, and to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of caries. METHODS: A multi-stage cluster sampling method was used to select 11 344 school-age children aged 6-11 from eight public elementary schools in Xuhui District, Shanghai, as the survey subjects. Oral examinations were conducted according to the protocol of the Fourth National Oral Health Epidemiological Survey. The incidence of caries and the decayed, missing, and filled teeth(DMFT) index were analyzed by SAS 9.4 software package. RESULTS: The caries prevalence among the 11 344 school-age children was 30.61%, with a mean DMFT score of 0.97±1.96. The caries prevalence in primary teeth was 25.43%, with a mean DMFT score of 0.85±1.87; while the caries prevalence in permanent teeth was 7.58%, with a mean DMFT score of 0.12±0.47. There was no statistically significant difference in caries prevalence and DMFT scores of primary teeth between boys and girls. However, girls had a higher caries prevalence and DMFT score in permanent teeth compared to boys, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). In different age groups, the caries prevalence in primary teeth initially increased with age and then decreased, with 8-year-old children having the highest prevalence. The caries prevalence in permanent teeth increased with age, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001). Regarding the position of the caries, the most affected primary teeth were the maxillary primary central incisors, primary molars, and mandibular primary molars; while the first permanent molars were the most affected permanent teeth. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of dental caries in both primary and permanent teeth among school-age children in Xuhui District of Shanghai is relatively high, and the affected teeth are concentrated. Early prevention and control of dental caries in school-age children should be strengthened.

Key words: School-age children, Dental caries, Prevalence of caries, DMFT score, Epidemiological investigation

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