上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 636-640.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.06.014

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

头颈姿势训练对颞下颌关节紊乱病患者颞肌和咬肌电活动的影响

林明慧1, 杨洋2, 吴智刚1, 蔡斌1,2, 徐丽丽1,2   

  1. 1.海南西部中心医院 康复医学科, 海南 儋州 571799;
    2.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 康复医学科, 上海 200011
  • 收稿日期:2024-05-13 修回日期:2024-09-10 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 徐丽丽,E-mail: hblll@163.com
  • 作者简介:林明慧（1988-）,女,硕士,E-mail: lin106188@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目（822QN492）

The influence of head and neck posture training on the electrical activity of the temporalis and masseter muscles in patients with temporomandibular disorders

Lin Minghui1, Yang Yang2, Wu Zhigang1, Cai Bin1,2, Xu Lili1,2   

  1. 1. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Hainan West Central Hospital. Danzhou 571799, Hainan Province;
    2. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2024-05-13 Revised:2024-09-10 Published:2025-12-30

PDF (PC)

10

摘要： 目的:初步探索头颈姿势训练对肌源性颞下颌关节紊乱病（temporomandibular disorder,TMD）患者在不同头颈姿势下颞肌和咬肌电活动的影响,为TMD治疗方案的制定提供理论依据。方法:选择2022年7月—2023年2月就诊于海南西部中心医院、存在头前伸姿势的14例TMD患者为研究对象。所有患者均接受为期4周的头颈姿势控制与训练,每周训练2~3次,每次30 min。比较干预前后患者在自然放松位、牙轻触位和头颈中立位时双侧颞肌和咬肌电活动变化;同时比较干预前后下颌功能、疼痛强度和最大无痛开口度。结果:TMD患者在自然放松位时,左侧颞肌前束及右侧咬肌肌电振幅高于头颈中立位（3.4±1.4 ∶ 2.5±1.0,2.4±1.6 ∶ 1.8±1.1,P<0.05）。头颈姿势训练后,患者在自然放松位及头颈中立位时双侧颞肌及左侧咬肌基础肌电振幅较治疗前降低,下颌功能评分及疼痛显著改善（P<0.05）。结论:不同头颈姿势可影响肌源性TMD患者咀嚼肌的基础肌电振幅,姿势训练可有效放松TMD患者颞肌和咬肌,使其疼痛减轻,促进功能恢复。

关键词: 颞下颌关节紊乱病, 头前伸姿势, 头颈姿势训练, 表面肌电图, 咀嚼肌

Abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the effects of head and neck posture training on the electrical activity of the temporalis and masseter muscles in patients with myogenic temporomandibular disorder(TMD) under different head and neck postures. METHODS: Fourteen patients with TMD who attended Hainan West Central Hospital from July 2022 to February 2023 with presence of head forward posture were selected for the study. All patients received head and neck posture training for 4 weeks, 2-3 times per week for 30 min each time. Changes in the electrical activity of bilateral temporalis and masseter muscles were compared between pre- and post-intervention patients in the natural relaxed position, the teeth lightly touching position, and the neutral head and neck position. Mandibular function, pain intensity, and maximal pain-free mouth opening were assessed for pre- and post-comparisons. RESULTS: In TMD patients, the electromyographic amplitude of the anterior fasciculus of the left temporalis muscle and the right masseter muscle was higher in the natural relaxed position than in the neutral head and neck position (3.4±1.4 vs. 2.5±1.0, 2.4±1.6 vs. 1.8±1.1, P<0.05). After head and neck posture training, the patients had lower basal EMG amplitudes of bilateral temporalis and left masseter muscles in the natural relaxed position and the neutral head and neck position compared with the pre-treatment position, and the mandibular function scores and pain were significantly improved(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Different head and neck postures can affect the basal electromyographic amplitude of the masticatory muscles in patients with myogenic TMD, and postural training can effectively relax the temporalis and masseter muscles in patients with TMD, resulting in pain reduction and promoting functional recovery.

Key words: Temporomandibular disorder, Head forward posture, Head and neck posture training, Surface electromyography, Masticatory muscles

中图分类号: