种植失败位点应用单纯锥度固位种植体即刻再植的临床研究

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2025.03.016

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 评估种植失败位点应用单纯锥度固位种植体即刻再植的临床效果。方法: 收集2018年1月—2022年12月南昌大学第四附属医院口腔科种植失败的病例,种植失败位点应用单纯锥度固位种植体进行即刻再植。统计分析再植即刻(T0)、修复后即刻(T1)、末次随访时(T2)再植种植体周边缘骨丧失情况、存留率及并发症。结果: 纳入31例患者33个种植失败位点。初次植入术后平均(13.27±21.92）个月发现种植体失败,33.33%为早期失败,66.67%为晚期失败。即刻再植术后平均随访(14.22±9.90）个月,总体留存率100%。牙周炎病史、吸烟、系统性疾病、夜磨牙、咬合关系以及种植位点骨质类型对种植体周围边缘骨吸收的影响无统计学差异;种植体平均长度与初植时种植体长度无显著差异,初植和再植的种植体直径、植入深度具有统计学差异。二元logistic回归模型分析显示,种植体直径对于种植体留存率无显著影响,而种植深度越深,种植体留存率越高。T0、T1时期颊侧骨高度吸收有统计学差异,近远中高度、舌侧骨高度及颊舌侧骨厚度在T0、T1、T2时骨量变化无统计学差异,颊舌侧骨高度在T2-T1时吸收量最少,其与T1-T0、T2-T0时骨吸收量相比有统计学差异。颊舌侧骨厚度在T1-T0、T2-T1时骨量变化具有统计学差异,近远中高度、颊舌侧骨高度及舌侧骨厚度在T1-T0、T2-T1、T2-T0时骨量变化无统计学差异。结论: 单纯锥度固位种植系统用于失败种植位点即刻再植短期临床留存率高、并发症少,边缘骨吸收较为稳定,种植失败时可考虑即刻再植方案。

关键词: 口腔种植失败, 即刻再植, 单纯锥度固位种植体, 留存率

Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical efficacy of immediate replantation using simple taper fixed implants at failed implantation sites. METHODS: Patients with implant failure at the Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2018 to December 2022 were collected. Simple taper-retained implants were used for immediate replantation at implant failure sites. Marginal bone loss, survival rate and complications were analyzed at immediate replantation(T0), immediately after repair(T1), and at the last follow-up(T2). RESULTS: A total of 33 implantation failure sites in 31 patients were included at an average of (13.27±21.92) months after primary implantation, 33.33% were early failures and 66.67% were late failures; the average follow-up after immediate reimplantation was (14.22±9.90) months, with an overall retention rate of 100%. History of periodontitis, smoking, systemic diseases, and nocturnal grinding conditions, occlusal relationship, and bone type at the implant site had no significant difference in the effect of peri-implant marginal bone resorption; the difference between the mean implant length and the implant length at primary implantation was not statistically significant, but there was significant difference in the implant diameter and implantation depth between the primary implantation and the reimplantation. Binary Logistic regression model showed that the diameter of the implant had no significant effect on the survival rate of the implant, but the deeper the implant depth, the higher the survival rate of the implant.There was significant bucco-lateral bone height resorption at T0 and T1, but no significant changes in proximal and distal mesial heights, lingual bone heights, and buccolingual bone thickness at T0, T1, and T2. Buccolingual lateral bone height had the least amount of resorption in the T2-T1 period, which was statistically different from the amount of bone resorption in the T1-T0 and T2-T0 periods. Buccolingual lateral bone thickness was statistically different from the amount of bone change in the T1-T0 and T2-T1 periods, but there was no significant change in proximal and distal mesial heights, buccolingual lateral bone heights, and lingual lateral bone thicknesses in the T1-T0, T2-T1, and T2-T0 periods. CONCLUSIONS: The application of simple taper fixed implant system for immediate replantation at failed implant sites has good short-term clinical effects, and immediate replantation can be considered in the event of implant failure.

Key words: Oral implant failure, Immediate reimplantation, Simple taper-retained implants, Survival rate

中图分类号:

R782.1

戴婕婷, 徐业豪, 任碧晖, 魏洪武, 郭水根. 种植失败位点应用单纯锥度固位种植体即刻再植的临床研究[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2025, 34(3): 310-317.

Dai Jieting, Xu Yehao, Ren Bihui, Wei Hongwu, Guo Shuigen. Clinical study of immediate placement at previously failed sites using simple taper-retained implants[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2025, 34(3): 310-317.

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