短种植体随访7~9年的临床疗效及危险因素分析

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2023.02.019

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的: 评估短种植体的长期临床疗效,并分析其留存率的影响因素。方法: 选择2010年1月—2014年12月在南昌大学第四附属医院口腔科接受种植治疗的患者178例,共植入Bicon短种植体(植体长度≤6 mm）334颗。观察记录患者的基本情况、修复设计、短种植体留存率及并发症,分析短种植体失败的原因。采用SPSS 24.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果: 平均随访时间为（96±17）个月,在观察期内有20颗种植体失败,1颗发生机械并发症,6颗发生生物并发症。基于种植体和患者的分析,短种植体的9年累积留存率分别为94.0%（5年以上的留存率达96.4%）和90.4%。短种植体的留存率与患者性别、年龄、是否采用特殊术式以及对颌牙类型无相关性（P<0.05）;吸烟与牙周炎是短种植体失败的危险因素（P<0.05）,使用联冠修复及单冠修复的短种植体之间的留存率具有统计学差异（P<0.05）,下颌骨相较于上颌骨有更高的留存率（P<0.05）。结论: 在标准的临床方案以及操作下,对骨量不足的患者可采用短种植体种植方案,以缩短种植修复周期,避免复杂的骨增量术式,获得良好的中远期临床疗效。采用短种植体进行种植修复,需严格控制影响短种植体留存的危险因素。

关键词: 短种植体, 留存率, 回顾性研究, 失败, Bicon种植体

Abstract: PURPOSE: To evaluate the long-term clinical efficacy of short implants and analyze the influencing factors of the survival rate. METHODS: A total of 178 patients who received implant therapy in the Department of Stomatology, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2010 to December 2014 were selected, including 334 short implants of Bicon (implant length ≤6 mm). The basic condition, restoration design, short implant survival rate and complications were observed and analyzed. SPSS 24.0 software package was used for data analysis. RESULTS: The average follow-up time of short implants was 96±17 months. During the observation period, 20 implants failed, 1 implant had mechanical complications and 6 implants had biological complications. Based on the analysis of implants and patients, the long-term cumulative survival rate of short implants was 94.0%(over 5 years survival rate was 96.4%) and 90.4% respectively. There was no significant difference between the survival rate of short implants and the patient's gender, age, whether to use special operation and the type of jaw teeth(P<0.05). Smoking and periodontitis were risk factors for failure of short implants(P<0.05).The difference of short implant survival rate between short implants restoration with combined crowns and single crowns was statistically significant(P<0.05). The survival rate of short implant in mandible was higher than that in maxilla(P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Under the standards clinical program and operation, short implant can be used to shorten the implant restoration cycle and avoid complicated bone augmentation which can achieve good long-term clinical effect. Short implant should be used to strictly control the risk factors that affect the survival of short implant.

Key words: Short implant, Survival rate, Retrospective study, Failure of implantation, Bicon implant

中图分类号:

R783

杨晶晶, 毛卫华, 余正荣, 魏洪武, 郭水根. 短种植体随访7~9年的临床疗效及危险因素分析[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2023, 32(2): 214-219.

YANG Jing-jing, MAO Wei-hua, YU Zheng-rong, WEI Hong-wu, GUO Shui-gen. Analysis of clinical effects and risk factors of short implant followed up for 7-9 years[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2023, 32(2): 214-219.

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