Effect of different fluence rates applied in curcumin-photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans biofilms

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2020.05.002

Abstract

Abstract: PURPOSE: In this study, the inactivation effect of different fluence rates on Candida albicans biofilms during curcumin-photodynamic therapy was investigated in vitro. METHODS: The standard Candida albicans and clinical isolated Candida albicans were selected as model fungus and different fluence rates (12, 22, 42, 62, 82, 102 mW/cm²) during curcumin-photodynamic therapy were applied to inactivate Candida albicans biofilm. To evaluate the inactivation effect, XTT assay and Live/Dead kit were employed to quantify and visualize the activities of Candida albicans biofilms. The data were analyzed with SPSS 19.0 software package. RESULTS: When 40 μmol/L of curcumin was applied followed by 4 min illumination, both standard Candida albicans and clinical isolated Candida albicans biofilms were greatly inactivated along with the increase of fluence rates. When fluence rate increased to 102 mW/cm², there was no significant difference between the experimental group and the previous experimental group(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Fluence rate plays an important role in inactivation of Candida albicans biofilms during curcumin-photodynamic therapy, with optimized value of fluence rate of 82 mW/cm² in this study.

Key words: Curcumin, Photodynamic, Fluence rate, Candida albicans, Biofilms

CLC Number:

R781.5

MA Jing, LI Ji-yang, YANG Qiao-zhen, BAI Yu, ZHANG Cheng, SUN Hong-ying. Effect of different fluence rates applied in curcumin-photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans biofilms[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2020, 29(5): 456-461.

References

[1] Garcia-Gomes AS, Curvelo JA, Soares RM, et al.Curcumin acts synergistically with fluconazole to sensitize a clinical isolate of Candida albicans showing a MDR phenotype[J]. Med Mycol, 2012, 50(1): 26-32.
[2] Marable DR, Bowers LM, Stout TL, et al.Oral candidiasis following steroid therapy for oral lichen planus[J]. Oral Dis, 2016, 22(2): 140-147.
[3] Baena-Monroy T, Moreno-Maldonado V, Franco-Martínez F, et al.Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus mutans colonization in patients wearing dental prosthesis[J]. Med Oral Patol Oral Cir Bucal, 2005, 10(Suppl 1): e27-e39.
[4] Berkovits C, Tóth A, Szenzenstein J, et al.Analysis of oral yeast microflora in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma[J]. Springerplus, 2016, 5(1): 1257-1263.
[5] Perera M, Al-Hebshi NN, Perera I, et al.A dysbiotic mycobiome dominated by Candida albicans is identified within oral squamous-cell carcinomas[J]. J Oral Microbiol, 2017, 9(1): 1385369.
[6] Sanketh DS, Patil S, Rao RS.Estimating the frequency of Candida in oral squamous cell carcinoma using calcofluor white fluorescent stain[J]. J Investig Clin Dent, 2016, 7(3): 304-307.
[7] 吴岚, 周曾同, 周永梅, 等. 苦参碱对白色念珠菌生物膜的体外抑制作用[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2009, 18(4): 415-418.
[8] Tulasidas S, Rao P, Bhat S, et al.A study on biofilm production and antifungal drug resistance among Candida species from vulvovaginal and bloodstream infections[J]. Infect Drug Resist, 2018, 11: 2443-2448.
[9] Sherwani MA, Tufail S, Khan AA, et al.Gold nanoparticle-photosensitizer conjugate based photodynamic inactivation of biofilm producing cells: potential for treatment of C. albicans infection in BALB/c mice[J]. PLoS One, 2015, 10(7): e131684.
[10] Trigo-Gutierrez JK, Sanitá PV, Tedesco AC, et al.Effect of chloroaluminium phthalocyanine in cationic nanoemulsion on photoinactivation of multispecies biofilm[J]. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2018, 24: 212-219.
[11] Huang L, Wang M, Huang Y, et al.Progressive cationic functionalization of chlorin derivatives for antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation and related vancomycin conjugates[J]. Photochem Photobiol Sci, 2018, 17(5): 638-651.
[12] Neelofar K, Shreaz S, Rimple B.Curcumin as a promising anticandidal of clinical interest[J]. Can J Microbiol, 2011, 57(3): 204-210.
[13] Chen E, Benso B, Seleem D.Fungal-host interaction: curcumin modulates proteolytic enzyme activity of Candida albicans and inflammatory host response in vitro[J]. Int J Dent, 2018: 2393146.
[14] Yadav R, Jee B, Awasthi SK.Curcumin suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-18 in lipopolysaccharide stimulated murine macrophage-like cells[J]. Indian J Clin Biochem, 2015, 30(1): 109-112.
[15] Bhavya ML, Hebbar HU.Efficacy of blue LED in microbial inactivation: effect of photosensitization and process parameters[J]. Int J Food Microbiol, 2019, 290: 296-304.
[16] Henderson BW, Busch TM, Snyder JW.Fluence rate as a modulator of PDT mechanisms[J]. Lasers Surg Med, 2006, 38(5): 489-493.
[17] Dovigo LN, Pavarina AC, Ribeiro APD, et al.Investigation of the photodynamic effects of curcumin against Candida albicans[J]. Photochem Photobiol, 2011, 87(4): 895-903.
[18] Pellissari CV, Pavarina AC, Bagnato VS, et al.Cytotoxicity of antimicrobial photodynamic inactivation on epithelial cells when co-cultured with Candida albicans[J]. Photochem Photobiol Sci, 2016, 15(5): 669-682.
[19] Dovigo LN, Pavarina AC, Carmello JC, et al.Susceptibility of clinical isolates of Candida to photodynamic effects of curcumin[J]. Lasers Surg Med, 2011, 43(9): 927-934.
[20] Santezi C, Reina BD, Dovigo LN.Curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy for the treatment of oral infections-A review[J]. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2018, 21: 409-415.
[21] Arora S, Verma M, Gupta SR, et al.Phenotypic variability and therapeutic implications of Candida species in patients with oral lichen planus[J]. Biotech Histochem, 2016, 91(4): 237-241.
[22] Keller MK, Kragelund C.Randomized pilot study on probiotic effects on recurrent candidiasis in oral lichen planus patients[J]. Oral Dis, 2018, 24(6): 1107-1114.
[23] Dilhari A, Weerasekera MM, Siriwardhana A, et al.Candida infection in oral leukoplakia: an unperceived public health problem[J]. Acta Odontol Scand, 2016, 74(7): 565-569.
[24] Medeiros CCG, Borges LGDA, Cherubini K, et al.Oral yeast colonization in patients with primary and secondary Sjögren's syndrome[J]. Oral Dis, 2018, 24(7): 1367-1378.
[25] Terai H, Shimahara M.Glossodynia from Candida-associated lesions, burning mouth syndrome, or mixed causes[J]. Pain Med, 2010, 11(6): 856-860.
[26] Chandra J, Kuhn DM, Mukherjee PK, et al.Biofilm formation by the fungal pathogen Candida albicans: development, architecture, and drug resistance[J]. J Bacteriol, 2001, 183(18): 5385-5394.
[27] Gonçalves SS, Souza ACR, Chowdhary A, et al.Epidemiology and molecular mechanisms of antifungal resistance in Candida and Aspergillus[J]. Mycoses, 2016, 59(4): 198-219.
[28] Li L, Liao Z, Yang Y, et al.Metabolomic profiling for the identification of potential biomarkers involved in a laboratory azole resistance in Candida albicans[J]. PLoS One, 2018, 13(2): e192328.
[29] Jackson DN, Yang L, Wu S, et al.Garcinia xanthochymus benzophenones promote hyphal apoptosis and potentiate activity of fluconazole against Candida albicans biofilms[J]. Antimicrob Agents Chemother, 2015, 59(10): 6032-6038.
[30] Hu J, Lin S, Tan BK, et al.Photodynamic inactivation of burkholderia cepacia by curcumin in combination with EDTA[J]. Food Res Int, 2018, 111: 265-271.
[31] Pourhajibagher M, Chiniforush N, Monzavi A, et al.Inhibitory effects of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy with curcumin on biofilm-associated gene expression profile of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans[J]. J Dent (Tehran), 2018, 15(3): 169-177.
[32] Khan N, Shreaz S, Bhatia R, et al.Anticandidal activity of curcumin and methyl cinnamaldehyde[J]. Fitoterapia, 2012, 83(3): 434-440.
[33] Merigo E, Conti S, Ciociola T, et al.Effect of different wavelengths and dyes on Candida albicans: in vivo study using Galleria mellonella as an experimental model[J]. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2017, 18(1): 34-38.
[34] Andrade MC, Ribeiro AP D, Dovigo LN, et al.Effect of different pre-irradiation times on curcumin-mediated photodynamic therapy against planktonic cultures and biofilms of Candida spp[J]. Arch Oral Biol, 2013, 58(2): 200-210.
[35] Shi H, Li J, Zhang H, et al.Effect of 5-aminolevulinic acid photodynamic therapy on Candida albicans biofilms: an in vitro study[J]. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2016, 15(1): 40-45.
[36] Hsieh YH,Zhang JH, Chuang WC, et al.An in vitro study on the effect of combined treatment with photodynamic and chemical therapies on Candida albicans[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19(2): 337-347.
[37] Lee HJ, Kang SM, Jeong SH, et al.Antibacterial photodynamic therapy with curcumin and curcuma xanthorrhiza extract against Streptococcus mutans[J]. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2017, 20: 116-119.
[38] Wu J, Mou H, Xue C, et al.Photodynamic effect of curcumin on Vibrio parahaemolyticus[J]. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther, 2016, 15(1): 34-39.
[39] Sanitá PV, Pavarina AC, Dovigo LN, et al.Curcumin-mediated anti-microbial photodynamic therapy against Candida dubliniensis biofilms[J]. Lasers Med Sci, 2018, 33(4): 709-717.
[40] 王占刚, 董腾哲, 李杰, 等. 口腔黏膜温度感受阈与交感神经皮肤反应的相关研究[J]. 中华口腔医学杂志, 2018, 53(2): 79-84.