上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2026, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (2): 205-211.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2026.02.016

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

口呼吸导致颌面畸形患儿口唇肌功能训练方案的构建与初步验证

陆文婷1, 郁胜丹1, 侯黎莉2   

  1. 1.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 口腔正畸科,上海交通大学口腔医学院,国家口腔医学中心,口腔疾病国家临床医学研究中心,上海市口腔医学重点实验室,上海市口腔医学研究所,上海 200011;
    2.上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 护理部,上海 200011
  • 收稿日期:2025-08-18 修回日期:2025-10-11 出版日期:2026-04-25 发布日期:2026-04-27
  • 通讯作者: 侯黎莉,E-mail:pisces_liz@163.com
  • 作者简介:陆文婷（1989—）,女,本科,主管护师,E-mail:24188717@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海市2025年度创新生态建设计划“科普与科技传播”项目（25DZ2304900）; 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院护理院级基金（JYHL2024ZD02-72）

Construction and preliminary verification of labial muscle function training program in children with maxillofacial deformity caused by mouth breathing

Lu Wenting1, Yu Shengdan1, Hou Lili2   

  1. 1. Department of Orthodontics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011;
    2. Department of Nursing, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2025-08-18 Revised:2025-10-11 Online:2026-04-25 Published:2026-04-27

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摘要： 目的:构建口呼吸颌面畸形患儿口唇肌功能训练方案,初步验证其对颅颌面形态及功能的影响。方法:通过文献综述,梳理国内外口唇肌功能训练（orofacial myofunctional therapy,OMT）在口呼吸颌面畸形患儿中的应用现状、核心要素及存在问题。在此基础上,结合质性访谈与德尔菲专家函询法,对9名患儿家属及10名医护人员进行半结构化访谈,并邀请14名专家进行两轮德尔菲函询,对方案进行优化与共识验证。结果:质性访谈发现,患儿家长全部关注颌面美观与呼吸功能改善,90%的医护人员强调个性化训练。德尔菲函询显示专家权威系数为0.87,肯德尔和谐系数为0.73（P<0.01）。最终方案涵盖4个模块,包括唇肌力量训练、唇肌协调训练、呼吸模式调整及生活习惯纠正。预试验结果显示,训练12周后患儿静态唇闭合压提升81%（P<0.001）,动态唇耐力提升143%（P<0.001）,日间张口频率降低27%（P<0.001）。结论:本研究所构建的训练方案能够有效改善口呼吸患儿的唇肌功能及呼吸模式,并对颅颌面形态的早期干预具有积极意义,为临床提供了标准化干预框架。

关键词: 口呼吸儿童, 颌面畸形, 口唇肌功能训练方案, 德尔菲法

Abstract: PURPOSE: To develop a training program for lip muscle function in children with mouth breathing and craniofacial deformities, and to preliminarily verify its impact on craniofacial morphology and function. METHODS: Through a literature review, this study organized the current application status, core elements, and existing issues of orofacial myofunctional therapy(OMT) in children with mouth breathing and facial deformities, both domestically and internationally. Based on this, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 9 family members of children and 10 medical staff from a tertiary hospital, combined with qualitative interviews and the Delphi method, inviting 14 experts for two rounds of Delphi consultations to optimize and validate the consensus on the program. Results: Qualitative interviews found that all parents of the affected children focused on the improvement of facial aesthetics and respiratory function, while 90% of healthcare professionals emphasized personalized training. Delphi consultation showed that the expert authority coefficient was 0.87 and the Kendall harmony coefficient was 0.73(P<0.01). The final plan included four modules: lip muscle strength training, lip muscle coordination training, respiratory pattern adjustment, and correction of daily habits. Preliminary experimental results indicated that after 12 weeks of training, the children's static lip closure pressure increased by 81%(P<0.001), dynamic lip endurance improved by 143%(P<0.001), and the frequency of mouth opening during the day decreased by 27% (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The training program developed in this study can effectively improve the lip muscle function and breathing patterns of children with mouth breathing. It has positive implications for early intervention of craniofacial morphology, providing a standardized intervention framework for clinical practice.

Key words: Mouth breathing children, Maxillofacial deformities, Lip muscle function training program, Delphi method

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