上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 191-195.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.02.014

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

956例恒牙列牙外伤患者回顾性分析

李金恒, 赵隽隽, 伍甜甜, Tai Zhaowei#, 董依云#   

  1. 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 口腔综合科,上海交通大学口腔医学院,国家口腔医学中心, 国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,上海市口腔医学重点实验室,上海市口腔医学研究所,上海 200011
  • 收稿日期:2023-10-20 修回日期:2024-01-19 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-05-15
  • 通讯作者: 董依云,E-mail: yiyun_dong@yeah.net;Tai Zhaowei,E-mail: taizhaowei@163.com。#共同通信作者
  • 作者简介:李金恒（1987-）,男,博士,E-mail: 18616020046@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院、上海交通大学口腔医学院研究型学科基金（KQYJXK2021）

Retrospective analysis of 956 cases with dental trauma

Li Jinheng, Zhao Junjun, Wu Tiantian, Tai Zhaowei, Dong Yiyun   

  1. Department of General Dentistry, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University; National Center for Stomatology; National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology; Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology. Shanghai 200011, China
  • Received:2023-10-20 Revised:2024-01-19 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-05-15

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摘要： 目的：了解青年及成人恒牙列牙外伤的临床特点,为其治疗和预防提供参考。方法：收集2021年9月—2023年3月就诊于上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院口腔综合科牙外伤专科门诊的956例患者的资料,按照年龄、性别、 职业、外伤原因、牙损伤类型、受累牙数目及牙位、受伤后寻求口腔治疗的时间以及患者有无接触牙外伤相关科普知识进行总结分析。采用SPSS 24.0软件包对数据进行统计学分析。结果：男女比例为 0.93∶1。牙外伤发生率最高的牙位是上颌中切牙,其次为上颌侧切牙。半脱位和简单冠折是发生率最高的牙外伤亚类。55.54%的患者在伤后1~4 h内就诊,高危暴露人员仅占总数的7%。在高危暴露人员中,发生率最高的是建筑装潢人员和外卖人员。摔倒和交通事故是牙外伤发生的最主要原因,仅8%的患者接受过牙外伤相关科普知识。结论：牙外伤好发于上颌切牙,损伤类型多为冠折、半脱位,主要原因为摔倒和交通事故。口腔医师应加强牙外伤知识科普,公众应注意加强合理使用手机,提高道路安全意识,学习牙外伤应急处理方法。

关键词: 牙外伤, 临床分析, 流行病学研究, 折断性损伤, 脱位性损伤

Abstract: PURPOSE: To find the clinical characteristics of permanent teeth trauma among young and adult people in Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, and provide reference for the treatment and prevention of dental trauma among them. METHODS: The data of 956 patients who visited the Dental Trauma Clinic of Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine from September 2021 to March 2023 were collected and analyzed according to age, gender, occupation, causes of trauma, types of tooth injuries, number and position of affected teeth, time to seek treatment after injury, and whether the patients had been exposed to popular science knowledge related to tooth trauma. RESULTS: The male to female ratio of dental trauma patients was 0.93∶1. The tooth position with the highest incidence of dental trauma was the maxillary central incisor, followed by the maxillary lateral incisor. Subluxation and uncomplicated crown fractures were the subcategories with the highest incidence of dental trauma. For the post-traumatic treatment time, 55.54% of patients sought medical consultation within 1-4 hours. Survey of the occupation of patients with dental trauma found that high-risk exposure accounted for only 7%. Among them, the highest risk occupation were builders and men for takeaway. Falls and traffic accidents were the main causes of dental trauma. Only 8% of the patients received scientific knowledge related to dental trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Tooth injuries are more common in the upper incisors, and the types of injuries are more common in crown fractures and subluxations. The main causes are falls and traffic accidents. Dentists should strengthen the popularization of knowledge about dental trauma, and the public should pay attention to strengthening the rational use of mobile phones, raising road safety awareness, and learning emergency treatment methods for dental trauma.

Key words: Dental trauma, Clinical analysis, Epidemiological research, Fracture injury, Dislocation injury

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