上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2021, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (3): 292-296.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2021.03.014

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

种植体植入15年内种植体周围炎和种植周黏膜炎发生率调查

张停停, 胡晓菁, 林璐   

  1. 南昌大学附属口腔医院 黏膜牙周病科,江西省口腔生物医学重点实验室,江西 南昌 330006
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-30 修回日期:2020-10-20 出版日期:2021-06-25 发布日期:2021-08-05
  • 通讯作者: 张停停,E-mail：1126112413@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张停停（1989-）,女,硕士研究生,住院医师
  • 基金资助:
    江西省卫生计生委科技计划（60267）

Prevalence of peri-implantitis and peri-implant mucositis within 15 years of implant placement

ZAHNG Ting-ting, HU Xiao-jing, LIN Lu   

  1. Department of Mucosal Periodontitis, Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University; Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine of Jiangxi Province. Nanchang 330006, Jiangxi Province, China
  • Received:2020-09-30 Revised:2020-10-20 Online:2021-06-25 Published:2021-08-05

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摘要： 目的: 探讨种植体植入15年中种植体周围炎（peri-implantitis,PI）和种植体周围黏膜炎（peri-implant mucositis,PM）的发生率。方法: 回顾性分析南昌大学附属口腔医院2001年1月—2005年12月收治的口腔种植修复患者507例（共1 162颗种植体）,随访12~15年,收集患者临床资料,分析个体及种植体水平PI、PM的发生率及相关影响因素。采用SPSS 22.0软件包进行统计学分析。结果: 平均随访13.37年,507例种植修复患者PM、PI总体发生率分别为45.0%、9.7%,1 162例种植体PM、PI发生率分别为44.1%、10.9%。发生PI的127颗种植体中,8颗（6.3%）种植失败;PI在种植修复0.5~1年内发生率较低,1~5年发生率明显升高、5~10年发生率降低、10年以上发生率持续降低,而PM在种植修复0.5~1年内发生率较高,1~5年发生率开始降低,5~10年、10年以上基本保持不变;采用Straumann种植系统PI、PM发生率最低,而Osstem系统发生率最高,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;上前牙区PI、PM发生率高于其他牙位,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;冠边缘不密合者发生PI、PM概率最高,其次为基台螺丝松动、冠固位螺丝松动、基台螺丝断裂,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）;多因素logistic回归分析显示,种植时间、种植系统、种植牙位、修复性因素是影响PM、PI发病的高危因素（P<0.05）。结论: 种植体植入15年内 PM发生率偏低,PI发生率并未随修复时间增加而升高,而与种植时间、种植系统、种植牙位及后期修复性因素有关。

关键词: 种植体周围炎, 种植体周围黏膜炎, 口腔种植修复, 骨丢失

Abstract: PURPOSE: To explore the incidence of peri-implantitis (PI) and peri-implant mucositis (PM) during 15 years of implant placement. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of 507 patients (1 162 implants in total) who underwent oral implant restoration in the Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University from January 2001 to December 2005 were performed and followed up for 12-15 years. The clinical data of the patients were collected, and the individual and implant-level PI, PM incidence and influencing factors were analyzed. SPSS 22.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: After an average of 13.37 years of follow-up, the overall incidence of PM and PI in 507 implant restoration patients was 45.0% and 9.7%, respectively. The incidence of PM and PI in 1 162 implants was 44.1% and 10.9%, respectively. Among 127 implants with PI, there were 8 implants (6.3%) failed. PI had a low incidence within 0.5 to 1 year after implantation and restoration, with a significant increase in incidence within 1 to 5 years, a decrease in incidence within 5 to 10 years, and a continuous decrease in incidence over 10 years. The incidence of PM was relatively high within 0.5-1 year of implantation and restoration, gradually decreased in 1-5 years, and remained basically unchanged for 5-10 years and more than 10 years. The incidence of PI and PM using Straumann system was the lowest, and the incidence of Osstem system was the highest (P<0.05). The incidence of PI and PM in the upper anterior tooth area was significantly higher than that of other teeth(P<0.05). The probability of PI and PM was the highest in patients with non-closed crown edges, followed by loose abutment screws, loose crown-retained screws, and broken abutment screws(P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that implantation time, implant system, implant position, and restorative factors were high-risk factors affecting the incidence of PM and PI (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of PM is widespread within 15 years of implant placement. The incidence of PI does not increase with the increase of restoration time, but is related to implantation time, implant system, implant position and later restoration factors.

Key words: Peri-implantitis, Peri-implant mucositis, Oral implant restoration, Bone loss

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