上海口腔医学

上海口腔医学 ›› 2025, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 626-630.doi: 10.19439/j.sjos.2025.06.012

• 论著 • 上一篇    下一篇

改良Demirjian法在4~11周岁儿童下颌恒牙发育评估中的应用

韩敏1, 张韶君1, 席迅1, 庄学甲2, 曾雪敏3   

  1. 1.山东第一医科大学第一附属医院（山东省千佛山医院） 口腔科, 山东 济南 250014;
    2.泰安市口腔医院 口腔颌面外科, 山东 泰安 271000;
    3.青岛大学附属医院 口腔正畸科, 山东 青岛 266000
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-28 修回日期:2024-08-05 发布日期:2025-12-30
  • 通讯作者: 张韶君,E-mail: 1184@sdhospital.com.cn
  • 作者简介:韩敏(1984-),女,博士,主治医师,E-mail: 1894@sdhospital.com.cn
  • 基金资助:
    山东省自然科学基金青年项目(ZR2023QH421); 山东省儿童青少年生长发育与健康管理专项课题(JKZX2023105)

Modified Demirjian method to evaluate the development of mandibular permanent teeth in children aged 4 to 11 years old

Han Min1, Zhang Shaojun1, Xi Xun1, Zhuang Xuejia2, Zeng Xuemin3   

  1. 1. Department of Stomatology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital. Jinan 250014;
    2. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Taian Stomatological Hospital. Taian 271000;
    3. Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University. Qingdao 266000, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2024-06-28 Revised:2024-08-05 Published:2025-12-30

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摘要： 目的:应用改良Demirjian法评估4~11周岁儿童下颌恒牙发育,为临床确定治疗时机和制订口腔慢性病防治政策提供参考。方法:选取符合纳入标准的4~11岁儿童的口腔曲面体层片320例（男160例,女160例）,使用改良Demirjian评分方法,判断下颌左侧7颗恒牙或恒牙胚的发育情况,拟合发育趋势及公式,采用SPSS 25.0软件包分析牙位差异和性别差异。结果:下颌各恒牙的发育与年龄有一定的线性关系,线性拟合公式斜率最大的是下颌第二磨牙y=0.6619x-0.8843(R2=0.99),斜率最小的是下颌第一磨牙y=0.3783x+3.8626 (R2=0.9224)。下颌牙发育具有明显的牙位差异,第一磨牙的早期发育早于中切牙,但是在根尖孔闭合阶段落后于中切牙;尖牙发育早于第一前磨牙和第二前磨牙,第二前磨牙发育晚于第一前磨牙。女性下颌牙发育早于男性,主要体现在牙发育的早期阶段和尖牙发育的整个过程。结论:4~11岁儿童下颌恒牙发育具有牙位差异和性别差异,改良Demirjian法适用于儿童下颌恒牙发育评估。

关键词: 改良Demirjian法, 恒牙发育, 牙位差异, 性别差异

Abstract: PURPOSE: The modified Demirjian method was used to evaluate the development of mandibular permanent teeth in children aged 4 to 11 years old, which provided a reference for determining the clinical treatment time and formulating policies for the prevention and treatment of oral chronic diseases. METHODS: A total of 320 panoramic films from 4 to 11 years old, with 160 males and 160 females, met the inclusion criteria. The modified Demirjian scoring method was used to judge the development of 7 permanent teeth or permanent germ on the left side of the jaw, and formed the developmental score line chart and trend chart. Differences in tooth position and gender were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 software package. RESULTS: There was a certain linear relationship between the development trend of each mandibular permanent tooth and the age. The second molar had the largest slope y=0.6619x-0.8843(R2=0.99) and the first molar had the smallest slope y=0.3783x+3.8626(R2=0.9224). Mandibular tooth development had distinct differences in tooth position. The first molars developed earlier than the central incisors, but lagged behind the central incisors during the apical foramen closure stage. Canine developed earlier than the first and second premolars, and second premolars developed later than the first premolars. Female mandibular teeth developed earlier than in men, mainly in the early stages of tooth development and the whole process of canine development. CONCLUSIONS: The development of mandibular permanent teeth in children aged 4 to 11 years old has differences in tooth position and gender, so the modified Demirjian method is suitable for evaluating the development of mandibular permanent teeth in children.

Key words: Modified Demirjian method, Development of permanent teeth, Difference in tooth position, Gender difference

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