短根牙在三种不同内收方式下的有限元应力分析

doi:10.19439/j.sjos.2025.06.004

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 目的:探讨安氏Ⅰ类错畸形患者拔牙病例中分步内收和整体内收时短根牙的力学情况,帮助临床更好地认识不同内收方式下,短根牙受力情况及对牙周组织的作用力。方法:采用CBCT扫描纳入志愿者的口腔颌面部,将获得的CBCT数据导入Mimics 20.0 软件进行处理,通过 Geomagic studio 2014逆向工程软件及NX1911软件进行建模,采用三维有限元软件 Ansys Workbench 2019对拔牙病例利用隐形矫治模型实施分步内收及整体内收的工况,探讨上颌短根中切牙的位移趋势、应力大小以及牙周膜的应力分布情况。结果:短根牙内收时,牙根应力的最大值均出现在唇侧,尖牙先远移到位,2-2内收0.2 mm的工况（工况2）时,中切牙的等效应力值最大;中切牙牙周膜最小主应力和静水压的最大值均出现在牙根颈部唇面,其中,3-3整体内收0.2 mm时的工况（工况1）力值表现为最小。位移方面,短根牙内收时表现为伸长移动,工况1时,Y方向移动距离最大。结论:不同移动方式下,工况1中,短根牙牙根及牙周膜受力最轻,最不易发生牙根吸收。短根牙更易出现倾斜移动且更易伸长,工况1时倾斜移动的量更大,伸长的量也越大。

关键词: 短根牙, 分步内收, 整体内收, 有限元分析

Abstract: PURPOSE: To detect the mechanical conditions of short root teeth during stepwise and overall retraction in extraction cases of Class I malocclusion patients, and help clinicians better understand the force distribution of short root teeth under different retraction methods. METHODS: CBCT was used to scan the maxillofacial and oral condition of the volunteers. The obtained CBCT data were imported into Mimics 20.0 software for processing. Modelings were conducted using Geomagic Studio 2014 reverse engineering software and NX1911 software. The three-dimensional finite element software Ansys Workbench 2019 was employed to simulate stepwise and overall retraction using an invisible correction model for extraction cases. The displacement trends, stress magnitudes, and stress distribution in the periodontal ligament of maxillary short root teeth were investigated. RESULTS: During the retraction of short root teeth, the stress in the roots appeared on the labial surface. When the canine was first distally moved into position, and then 2-2 retraction by 0.2 mm (condition 2), equal effect force value of the central incisor was the largest. The maximum values of the minimum principal stress and hydrostatic pressure in the periodontal ligament of the central incisor appeared on the labial surface of the cervical root. Among them, the force value was the smallest under the condition of 3-3 overall retraction by 0.2 mm (condition 1). In terms of displacement, the short root teeth exhibited elongation during retraction, with the maximum movement distance in the Y direction observed under condition 1. CONCLUSIONS: The forces on the root and periodontal ligament of the short root teeth are the lightest, and there is a slight root resorption under condition 1. Short root teeth are easy to tipping movements and elongation, with a greater amount of tipping and elongation observed under condition 1.

Key words: Short root tooth, Individual retraction, Overall retraction movement, Finite element analysis

中图分类号:

R783.5

陆胜男, 章婷, 何嘉佳, 熊斌, 石慧. 短根牙在三种不同内收方式下的有限元应力分析[J]. 上海口腔医学, 2025, 34(6): 583-588.

Lu Shengnan, Zhang Ting, He Jiajia, Xiong Bin, Shi Hui. Finite element analysis of short root teeth under three different moving modes[J]. Shanghai Journal of Stomatology, 2025, 34(6): 583-588.

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